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arXiv 1306.1084astro-ph.HE
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磁旋转turbulence的全局模拟I:收敛性和准稳态

Global simulations of magnetorotational turbulence I: convergence and the quasi-steady state

E. R. Parkin, G. V. Bicknell

摘要:

磁旋转湍流为吸积盘中的角动量输运提供了一种可行的机制。我们提出了全球性的,三维(3D),MHD吸积盘模拟,调查分辨率的湍流应力的依赖性。收敛的时间和体积平均应力-气体压力比,在值为$\sim0.04$,被发现的模型与径向,垂直和方位角分辨率为12-51,27,和12.5细胞每刻度高度(模拟网格是这样的细胞每刻度高度在径向方向上变化)。对盘的主体(|z| <2 H)进行控制体积分析,以检查磁能的产生和去除。麦克斯韦应力与平均磁盘旋转相结合,主要负责磁能的产生,而湍流耗散(由数值电阻率促进)主要是从磁盘中删除磁能。根据控制体积的边界上的麦克斯韦应力和控制体积内的洛伦兹力注入的功率来重新铸造磁能方程,突出了(控制体积的)边界条件的重要性。剪切盒和整体吸积盘模拟的不同收敛性质可以很容易地理解的基础上选择的边界条件和磁场配置。周期性边界条件限制了磁场中大尺度梯度的建立,限制了通过洛伦兹力和表面应力传递到磁盘的功率。这一发现解释了我们的全球盘模型相比,分层剪切盒的湍流应力收敛所需的三个较低的分辨率的因素。(节录)

英文摘要:

Magnetorotational turbulence provides a viable mechanism for angular momentum transport in accretion disks. We present global, three dimensional (3D), MHD accretion disk simulations that investigate the dependence of the turbulent stresses on resolution. Convergence in the time-and-volume-averaged stress-to-gas-pressure ratio, at a value of $\sim0.04$, is found for a model with radial, vertical, and azimuthal resolution of 12-51, 27, and 12.5 cells per scale-height (the simulation mesh is such that cells per scale-height varies in the radial direction). A control volume analysis is performed on the main body of the disk (|z|<2H) to examine the production and removal of magnetic energy. Maxwell stresses in combination with the mean disk rotation are mainly responsible for magnetic energy production, whereas turbulent dissipation (facilitated by numerical resistivity) predominantly removes magnetic energy from the disk. Re-casting the magnetic energy equation in terms of the power injected by Maxwell stresses on the boundaries of, and by Lorentz forces within, the control volume highlights the importance of the boundary conditions (of the control volume). The different convergence properties of shearing-box and global accretion disk simulations can be readily understood on the basis of choice of boundary conditions and the magnetic field configuration. Periodic boundary conditions restrict the establishment of large-scale gradients in the magnetic field, limiting the power that can be delivered to the disk by Lorentz forces and by stresses at the surfaces. The factor of three lower resolution required for convergence in turbulent stresses for our global disk models compared to stratified shearing-boxes is explained by this finding. (Abridged)

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