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arXiv 1305.4643cond-mat.stat-mech
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d维不完全玻色气体:临界行为和Casimir力

The imperfect Bose gas in d dimensions: critical behavior and Casimir forces

M. Napiorkowski, P. Jakubczyk, K. Nowak

摘要:

我们考虑d维不完美(平均场)玻色气体局限在一个狭缝状的几何形状和周期性的边界条件。在一个精确的分析处理中,我们首先提取系统在玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚下的体临界性质,并确定体普适性类是经典的d维球模型之一。随后,我们考虑有限的狭缝宽度D和分析的过剩表面自由能和相关的Casimir力之间的狭缝边界的作用。在体凝聚温度以上(T>T_c),Casimir力随D呈指数衰减,体关联长度决定了相应的长度尺度。当T=T_c和T<T_c时,它的衰减是代数的.在T_c和T<T_c时Casimir力的大小由普适Casimir振幅决定。我们提取不同d的相关值,并计算描述卡西米尔力的临界和低温渐近之间的交叉的标度函数。标度函数在任何d \in(2,4)处是单调的,并且当d>4和T \leq T_c时成为常数。

英文摘要:

We consider the d-dimensional imperfect (mean-field) Bose gas confined in a slit-like geometry and subject to periodic boundary conditions. Within an exact analytical treatment we first extract the bulk critical properties of the system at Bose-Einstein condensation and identify the bulk universality class to be the one of the classical d-dimensional spherical model. Subsequently we consider finite slit width D and analyze the excess surface free energy and the related Casimir force acting between the slit boundaries. Above the bulk condensation temperature (T>T_c) the Casimir force decays exponentially as a function of D with the bulk correlation length determining the relevant length scale. For T=T_c and for T<T_c its decay is algebraic. The magnitude of the Casimir forces at T_c and for T<T_c is governed by the universal Casimir amplitudes. We extract the relevant values for different d and compute the scaling functions describing the crossover between the critical and low-temperature asymptotics of the Casimir force. The scaling function is monotonous at any d\in (2,4) and becomes constant for d>4 and T\leq T_c.

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