肌肉收缩和弹性介导的串扰效应
Muscle contraction and the elasticity-mediated crosstalk effect
摘要：
分子马达的协同作用对许多细胞过程是必不可少的。一个可能的调节器的运动协调是弹性介导的串扰（EMC）肌球蛋白II马达之间的耦合，其起源是拉伸应力，它们共同产生的肌动蛋白丝。在这里，我们使用统计力学分析，以调查的影响，EMC效应的肌节-骨骼肌的基本收缩单位。我们表明，EMC效应导致的附件位于肌节的末端附近的电机的概率增加，而同时，在中央部分的电机的附件概率降低。这种极化的附着可能性会损害马达有效合作的能力。有趣的是，这种不希望出现的现象变得显着，只有当系统的大小超过了骨骼肌中的肌节，这提供了一个解释的显着缺乏肌节的变化在脊椎动物。我们研究的另一个现象是最近观察到的电机的占空比随着肌肉张力的增加而增加。我们发现，著名的希尔肌肉收缩方程是非常密切相关的这一观察。
英文摘要：
Cooperative action of molecular motors is essential for many cellular processes. One possible regulator of motor coordination is the elasticity-mediated crosstalk (EMC) coupling between myosin II motors whose origin is the tensile stress that they collectively generate in actin filaments. Here, we use a statistical mechanical analysis to investigate the influence of the EMC effect on the sarcomere - the basic contractile unit of skeletal muscles. We demonstrate that the EMC effect leads to an increase in the attachment probability of motors located near the end of the sarcomere while, simultaneously, decreasing the attachment probability of the motors in the central part. Such a polarized attachment probability would impair the motors ability to cooperate efficiently. Interestingly, this undesired phenomenon becomes significant only when the system size exceeds that of the sarcomere in skeletal muscles, which provides an explanation for the remarkable lack of sarcomere variability in vertebrates. Another phenomenon that we investigate is the recently observed increase in the duty ratio of the motors with the tension in muscle. We reveal that the celebrated Hill's equation for muscle contraction is very closely related to this observation.
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