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arXiv 1304.2873astro-ph.CO
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弱透镜峰统计宇宙学研究中的掩模效应

Mask Effects on Cosmological Studies with Weak Lensing Peak Statistics

Xiangkun Liu, Qiao Wang, Chuzhong Pan, Zuhui Fan

摘要:

本文通过数值模拟详细分析了掩模效应对背景星系剪切测量重建的弱透镜峰统计的影响。研究发现,高峰值分数由于掩模而系统地增强,掩模面积越大,增强越高。在总掩蔽面积约为$13\%$的情况下,在我们考虑的宇宙学模型中,与无掩蔽情况下的$\sim 7\%$相比,具有SNR $ν\ge 3$的峰的分数为$\sim 11\%$。这可能会导致一个大的偏见,宇宙学研究与弱透镜峰值统计。即使对于$9\hbox{ deg}^2$的调查区域,$(Ω_m, σ_8)$中的偏差也已经接近于$3σ$。应注意,大多数受影响的峰靠近掩蔽区域。因此,排除这些区域中的峰值可以减少偏差,但代价是失去可用的勘测区域。进一步的研究发现,高峰值数量的增强在很大程度上归因于重建中可用的星系数量较少而导致的较高噪声。基于Fan et al.(2010),我们开发了一个模型,在该模型中,我们仅排除半径大于$3 \arcmin的大掩模。对于剩余的部分,我们处理的区域接近和远离掩蔽区域分别与不同的噪声水平。结果表明,这种双噪声能级模型能很好地解释掩模效应对峰值统计的影响,并显著地减小了宇宙学偏差。

英文摘要:

In this paper, we analyze in detail with numerical simulations how the mask effect can influence the weak lensing peak statistics reconstructed from the shear measurement of background galaxies. It is found that high peak fractions are systematically enhanced due to masks, the larger the masked area, the higher the enhancement. In the case with about $13\%$ of the total masked area, the fraction of peaks with SNR $ν\ge 3$ is $\sim 11\%$ in comparison with $\sim 7\%$ of the mask-free case in our considered cosmological model. This can induce a large bias on cosmological studies with weak lensing peak statistics. Even for a survey area of $9\hbox{ deg}^2$, the bias in $(Ω_m, σ_8)$ is already close to $3σ$. It is noted that most of the affected peaks are close to the masked regions. Therefore excluding peaks in those regions can reduce the bias but at the expense of loosing usable survey areas. Further investigations find that the enhancement of high peaks number can be largely attributed to higher noise led by the fewer number of galaxies usable in the reconstruction. Based on Fan et al. (2010), we develop a model in which we exclude only those large masks with radius larger than $3\arcmin. For the remained part, we treat the areas close to and away from the masked regions separately with different noise levels. It is shown that this two-noise-level model can account for the mask effect on peak statistics very well and the cosmological bias is significantly reduced.

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