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arXiv 1303.4622math.OC
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构造数值稳定的基于卡尔曼滤波的梯度自适应滤波算法

Constructing numerically stable Kalman filter-based algorithms for gradient-based adaptive filtering

Maria V. Kulikova, Julia V. Tsyganova

摘要:

本文讨论了在许多研究领域中动态定位系统设计中同时进行状态和参数估计的自适应滤波(AF)技术的数值方面。AF方案包括一个递归优化过程,通过最小化一个适当的定义的性能指标和卡尔曼滤波器(KF)的动态定位目的的应用程序来识别不确定的系统参数。在AF计算方案中使用基于梯度的最优化方法产生一组滤波器灵敏度方程和一组矩阵Riccati型灵敏度方程。滤波器灵敏度的评估通常是由传统的KF,这是已知的是数值上不稳定的,它的衍生物相对于未知的系统参数。最近,提出了一种基于最大似然法的基于梯度的AF平方根方法。在本文中,我们表明,各种平方根AF计划可以来自只有两个主要的理论结果。这种优雅而简单的计算技术取代了基于传统KF方程(具有其固有的数值不稳定性)的直接微分的标准方法,该方法通过先进的平方根滤波器(及其导数)来实现。其结果是,它提高了鲁棒性的计算,对roundening错误,并导致准确的变种的梯度为基础的AF。此外,由于所有值都是并行计算的,因此这种方法对于同时进行状态估计和参数识别是理想的。给出了数值实验。

英文摘要:

This paper addresses the numerical aspects of adaptive filtering (AF) techniques for simultaneous state and parameters estimation arising in the design of dynamic positioning systems in many areas of research. The AF schemes consist of a recursive optimization procedure to identify the uncertain system parameters by minimizing an appropriate defined performance index and the application of the Kalman filter (KF) for dynamic positioning purpose. The use of gradient-based optimization methods in the AF computational schemes yields to a set of the filter sensitivity equations and a set of matrix Riccati-type sensitivity equations. The filter sensitivities evaluation is usually done by the conventional KF, which is known to be numerically unstable, and its derivatives with respect to unknown system parameters. Recently, a novel square-root approach for the gradient-based AF by the method of the maximum likelihood has been proposed. In this paper, we show that various square-root AF schemes can be derived from only two main theoretical results. This elegant and simple computational technique replaces the standard methodology based on direct differentiation of the conventional KF equations (with their inherent numerical instability) by advanced square-root filters (and its derivatives as well). As a result, it improves the robustness of the computations against roundoff errors and leads to accurate variants of the gradient-based AFs. Additionally, such methods are ideal for simultaneous state estimation and parameter identification since all values are computed in parallel. The numerical experiments are given.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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