费米黄金法则的修正：I。衰减率
Finite-size corrections to Fermi's golden rule: I. Decay rates
摘要：
有限大小的量子机械波像经典粒子一样运动，并显示出唯一的衰变概率。由于波函数是根据薛定谔方程演化的，所以在衰变过程的中间时间区域，它保留了总能量，但不保留动能，因为在这个区域，母粒子和子粒子的能量是重叠的。用费米黄金法则计算的衰变率需要随着初态和终态之间的距离而变化的修正，并且子波的能量分布与平面波的能量分布不同。这些修正在相对论不变系统中具有普适性，并揭示了轻粒子的宏观量子现象。对β衰变和各种辐射跃迁的精密实验的影响。
英文摘要：
A quantum mechanical wave of a finite size moves like a classical particle and shows a unique decay probability. Because the wave function evolves according to the Schrödinger equation, it preserves the total energy but not the kinetic energy in the intermediate-time region of a decay process where those of the parent and daughters overlap. The decay rate computed with Fermi's golden rule requires corrections that vary with the distance between the initial and final states, and the energy distribution of the daughter is distorted from that of plane waves. The corrections have universal properties in relativistically invariant systems and reveal macroscopic quantum phenomena for light particles. The implications for precision experiments in beta decays and various radiative transitions are presented.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
