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arXiv 1303.2690astro-ph.CO
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宇宙学背景下Local Group的运动学

The kinematics of the Local Group in a cosmological context

Jaime E. Forero-Romero, Yehuda Hoffman, Sebastian Bustamante, Stefan Gottloeber, Gustavo Yepes

摘要:

最近的观测表明,M31相对于银河系的切向速度v_tan<34.4 km/s,径向速度v_rad=-109+/- 4.4 km/s(van der Marel等人,2012年)。在这项研究中,我们使用一个大容量的高分辨率N体宇宙学模拟(Bolshoi)连同三个约束模拟统计研究这种运动学的背景下,LCDM。在1-sigma水平的不确定性的模拟对与观察到的LG的合奏的比较已经完成了相对于径向和切向速度,约化轨道能量(e_tot),角动量(l_orb)和无量纲自旋参数,λ。我们的主要结果是:(i)在LCDM中,对的优选径向和切向速度为v_rad=-80+/-20 km/s,v_tan=50+/-10 km/s,(ii)在该区域周围的对比观测值内的对多3至13倍,(iii)LCDM中15%到24%的类LG对具有与观测一致的能量和角动量,而(iv)9%到13%在同一样品中的对在推断的无量纲自旋参数中显示相似的值。因此,在当前观测的不确定性范围内,描述LG轨道特征的准守恒量,即e_tot、r_orb和lambda,并不挑战标准LCDM模型,但该模型在径向和切向速度的实际值方面处于紧张状态。这可能暗示了LCDM模型再现观测到的LG的问题。

英文摘要:

Recent observations constrained the tangential velocity of M31 with respect to the Milky Way (MW) to be v_tan<34.4 km/s and the radial velocity to be in the range v_rad=-109+/- 4.4 km/s (van der Marel et al. 2012). In this study we use a large volume high resolution N-body cosmological simulation (Bolshoi) together with three constrained simulations to statistically study this kinematics in the context of the LCDM. The comparison of the ensembles of simulated pairs with the observed LG at the 1-sigma level in the uncertainties has been done with respect to the radial and tangential velocities, the reduced orbital energy (e_tot), angular momentum (l_orb) and the dimensionless spin parameter, lambda. Our main results are: (i) the preferred radial and tangential velocities for pairs in LCDM are v_rad=-80+/-20 km/s, v_tan=50+/-10 km/s, (ii) pairs around that region are 3 to 13 times more common than pairs within the observational values, (iii) 15%to 24% of LG-like pairs in LCDM have energy and angular momentum consistent with observations while (iv) 9% to 13% of pairs in the same sample show similar values in the inferred dimensionless spin parameter. It follows that within current observational uncertainties the quasi-conserved quantities that characterize the orbit of the LG, i.e. e_tot, r_orb and lambda, do not challenge the standard LCDM model, but the model is in tension with regard to the actual values of the radial and tangential velocities. This might hint to a problem of the LCDM model to reproduce the observed LG.

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