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arXiv 1302.4202astro-ph.SR
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磁活动低质量星上星斑大小与表面覆盖度的关系

On the relationship between the size and surface coverage of starspots on magnetically active low-mass stars

R. J. Jackson, R. D. Jeffries

摘要:

我们提出了一个模型,预测的光变曲线振幅分布的低质量磁活性恒星的合奏下,假设恒星的自旋轴是随机取向和冷星点有一个特征尺度长度和随机分布在恒星表面。该模型与观测数据进行了比较,在年轻的星团NGC 2516的高磁活动M-矮星。我们发现,最佳拟合的星点尺度长度并不局限于这些数据,但需要对整体星点填充因子和星点温度的假设。假设光斑覆盖率为0.4+/-0.1,恒星光斑与无光斑光球温度比为0.7+/-0.05,正如这些恒星的膨胀半径与演化模型预测相比以及TiO波段对其他早期光谱类型的活动冷星的测量所表明的那样,最适合的恒星光斑角标度长度为3.5(+2)(-1)度,或线性标度长度为\sim 25000 km。这个线性尺度的长度类似于大的太阳黑子群,但比最近使用凌日系外行星的日食测绘在活动的G矮星上推导出的恒星黑子小2- 5倍。然而,NGC 2516 M矮星的最佳拟合点尺度长度随着假设的点温度比和假设的点填充因子的平方根的倒数而增加。因此,如果光斑填充因子为0.9,则光变曲线振幅分布同样可以由这些较大的光斑尺度长度来描述<0.1 or the spot temperature ratio is >。

英文摘要:

We present a model that predicts the light curve amplitude distribution for an ensemble of low-mass magnetically active stars, under the assumptions that stellar spin axes are randomly orientated and that cool starspots have a characteristic scale length and are randomly distributed across the stellar surfaces. The model is compared with observational data for highly magnetically active M-dwarfs in the young cluster NGC 2516. We find that the best fitting starspot scale length is not constrained by these data alone, but requires assumptions about the overall starspot filling factor and starspot temperature. Assuming a spot coverage fraction of 0.4+/-0.1 and a starspot to unspotted photosphere temperature ratio of 0.7+/-0.05, as suggested by the inflated radii of these stars compared to evolutionary model predictions and by TiO band measurements on other active cool stars of earlier spectral type, the best-fitting starspot angular scale length is 3.5(+2)(-1) degrees, or a linear scale length of \sim 25000 km. This linear scale length is similar to large sunspot groups, but 2--5 times smaller than the starspots recently deduced on an active G-dwarf using eclipse mapping by a transiting exoplanet. However, the best-fitting spot scale length in the NGC 2516 M-dwarfs increases with the assumed spot temperature ratio and with the inverse square root of the assumed spot filling factor. Hence the light curve amplitude distribution might equally well be described by these larger spot scale lengths if the spot filling factors are <0.1 or the spot temperature ratio is >0.9.

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