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arXiv 1302.3147math.PR
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一类随机Ricker竞争模型

On a stochastic Ricker competition model

Göran Högnäs

摘要:

我们模拟两个竞争种群的进化$U_t, V_t $的二维尺寸依赖的分支过程。假设群体特征彼此接近,如在居民突变体的情况下。给定$U_t = m$和$V_t = n$,$U_{t+1}$和$V_{t+1}$的期望值分别由$me^{r - K(m + bn)} $和$ne^{\tilde r - \tilde K (n + am)}$给出,其中$r, \tilde r$模拟固有种群增长,$K, \tilde K $模拟当前种群对种群增长的抑制力(如食物稀缺),$ a, b $模拟两个种群之间的相互作用。对于小的$K, \tilde K $,该过程通常在很长一段时间内紧密遵循相应的确定性Ricker竞争模型。在某些条件下,特别是相互入侵的条件下,确定性模型在开放的第一象限中存在共存不动点。通过过程的拟平稳分布研究了其渐近行为。我们开始研究这些分布的抑制力$K, \tilde K$接近0。

英文摘要:

We model the evolution of two competing populations $U_t, V_t $ by a two-dimensional size-dependent branching process. The population characteristics are assumed to be close to each other, as in a resident-mutant situation. Given that $U_t = m$ and $V_t = n$ the expected values of $U_{t+1}$ and $V_{t+1}$ are given by $me^{r - K(m + bn)} $ and $ne^{\tilde r - \tilde K (n + am)}$, respectively, where $r, \tilde r$ model the intrinsic population growth, $K, \tilde K $ model the force of inhibition on the population growth by the present population (such as scarcity of food), and $ a, b $ model the interaction between the two populations. For small $K, \tilde K $ the process typically follows the corresponding deterministic Ricker competition model closely, for a very long time. Under some conditions, notably a mutual invasibility condition, the deterministic model has a coexistence fixed point in the open first quadrant. The asymptotic behaviour is studied through the quasi-stationary distribution of the process. We initiate a study of those distributions as the inhibitive force $K, \tilde K$ approach 0.

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