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arXiv 1302.1669cs.GTcs.AIcs.DScs.SI
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社会调查中可能与必要的赢家问题

Possible and Necessary Winner Problem in Social Polls

NICTA(国家信息与通信技术研究院);The University of New South Wales(新南威尔士大学);University of Southampton(南安普顿大学)

Serge Gaspers, Victor Naroditskiy, Nina Narodytska, Toby Walsh

摘要:

社交网络越来越多地被用来进行民意调查。我们介绍一个简单的模型,这样的社会调查。我们假设代理人按顺序投票,但代理人选择投票的顺序不一定是固定的。我们还假设代理人的投票受到已经投票的朋友的投票的影响。尽管它的简单性,这个模型提供了有用的见解,包括社会民意调查,顺序投票和操纵的一些领域。我们证明了候选人的数量和网络结构影响计算的计算复杂性的候选人必然或可能会赢得这样的社会调查。对于具有有限树宽和有限候选数量的社交网络,我们为这两个问题提供了多项式算法。在其他情况下,我们证明,计算哪些候选人必然或可能赢得计算上是棘手的。

英文摘要:

Social networks are increasingly being used to conduct polls. We introduce a simple model of such social polling. We suppose agents vote sequentially, but the order in which agents choose to vote is not necessarily fixed. We also suppose that an agent's vote is influenced by the votes of their friends who have already voted. Despite its simplicity, this model provides useful insights into a number of areas including social polling, sequential voting, and manipulation. We prove that the number of candidates and the network structure affect the computational complexity of computing which candidate necessarily or possibly can win in such a social poll. For social networks with bounded treewidth and a bounded number of candidates, we provide polynomial algorithms for both problems. In other cases, we prove that computing which candidates necessarily or possibly win are computationally intractable.

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