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arXiv 1301.3587astro-ph.SR
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Subaru/HDS对HE 1015-2050的研究:R Coronae Borealis光衰的光谱证据

Subaru/HDS study of HE 1015-2050: Spectral evidence of R Coronae Borealis light decline

Aruna Goswami, Wako Aoki

摘要:

缺氢和光学亮度突然下降约6-8等是北冕座R星(RCB)的两个主要特征。高纬度碳星HE 1015-2050是一颗缺氢碳星,由低分辨率光谱学鉴定。2006年2月至2012年5月期间收集的卡塔利娜实时瞬态巡天光度数据表明,该物体没有表现出任何变化。然而,2012年1月13日,8.2米斯巴鲁望远镜使用高色散摄谱仪获得了该天体的高分辨率(R ~ 50,000)光谱,为该天体是一颗正在经历光衰的RCB型冷HdC星提供了足够的光谱证据。与多次在低分辨率光谱中看到的Na I D宽吸收特征相反,高分辨率光谱在发射中表现出Na I D2和D1特征。在该天体的光谱中还首次观测到了Mg Ⅰ、Sc Ⅱ、Ti Ⅰ、Ti Ⅱ、Fe Ⅱ和Ba Ⅰ的发射谱线。这种发射特征与Ca、Ti、Fe等的中性和单电离线相结合,据报道,在RCB光谱中,在下降的早期阶段或在恢复到最大值的过程中,可以看到吸收。此外,RCB的光衰归因于形成的煤烟云,模糊了可见的光球。这种拱星物质的存在是明显的偏振观测与估计的V波段偏振百分比为1.7%的对象。

英文摘要:

Hydrogen deficiency and a sudden optical light decline by about 6-8 mag are two principal characteristics of R Coronae Borealis (RCB) stars. The high latitude carbon star HE 1015-2050 was identified as a hydrogen-deficient carbon star from low-resolution spectroscopy. Photometric data of the Catalina Real-Time Transient Survey gathered between 2006 February and 2012 May indicate that the object exhibits no variability. However, a high-resolution (R ~ 50,000) optical spectrum of this object obtained with the 8.2m Subaru telescope using High Dispersion Spectrograph on the 2012 January 13 offers sufficient spectral evidences for the object being a cool HdC star of RCB type undergoing light decline. In contrast to the Na I D broad absorption features, seen in the low-resolution spectra on several occasions, the high-resolution spectrum exhibits Na I D2 and D1 features in emission. A few emission lines due to Mg I, Sc II, Ti I, Ti II, Fe II and Ba I are also observed in the spectrum of this object for the first time. Such emission features combined with neutral and singly ionized lines of Ca, Ti, Fe, etc., in absorption are reportedly seen in RCBs spectra in the early stage of decline or during the recovery to maximum. Further, the light decline of RCBs is ascribed to the formation of a cloud of soot that obscures the visible photosphere. Presence of such circumstellar material is evident from the polarimetric observations with an estimated V-band percentage polarization of ~1.7% for this object.

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