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arXiv 1301.0852cond-mat.stat-mech
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绝对负温下不存在平衡态

Inexistence of equilibrium states at absolute negative temperatures

Victor Romero-Rochin

摘要:

我们表明,声称的绝对负温度的宏观系统的状态下是不稳定的小,但任意的扰动。我们证明前面的陈述使用的事实,在平衡,熵采取其最大值。我们讨论的是,虽然拉姆齐理论的第二定律与负温度的系统在逻辑上是正确的,它必须是一个先验的假设,这些国家在热力学平衡。由于我们认为这些状态不可能发生,可逆的过程是不可能的,因此,负绝对温度的拉姆齐鉴定是站不住脚的。

英文摘要:

We show that states of macroscopic systems with purported absolute negative temperatures are not stable under small, yet arbitrary, perturbations. We prove the previous statement using the fact that, in equilibrium, the entropy takes its maximum value. We discuss that, while Ramsey theoretical reformulation of the Second Law for systems with negative temperatures is logically correct, it must be a priori assumed that those states are in thermodynamic equilibrium. Since we argue that those states cannot occur, reversible processes are impossible and, thus, Ramsey identification of negative absolute temperatures is untenable.

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