从磁场中的格点量子色动力学提取带电强子性质的一种方法
A Method to Extract Charged Hadron Properties from Lattice QCD in Magnetic Fields
摘要：
通过分析关联函数对外场的依赖性，利用格点量子色动力学方法可以确定磁场中强子的磁性。例如，要计算带电强子的磁矩和极化率，就需要足够弱的磁场。然而，这样的场强导致紧密间隔的朗道能级，其不能使用标准晶格光谱直接分辨。针对带电无自旋强子，我们介绍了一种简单的投影技术，可以用来隔离最低的朗道能级。由于该技术需要明确的坐标空间波函数，我们调查的连续，无限体积波函数可以采用的程度。我们发现，在实践中，离散化的影响可以处理使用微扰扩展的连续。有限体积修正考虑到使用离散磁平移不变性的环面。我们发现，量子化的磁场可以导致有害的体积效应，这取决于磁通量量子，而不是晶格体积。
英文摘要：
By analyzing the external field dependence of correlation functions, the magnetic properties of hadrons can be determined using lattice QCD in magnetic fields. To compute the magnetic moments and polarizabilities of charged hadrons, for example, one requires sufficiently weak magnetic fields. Such field strengths, however, lead to closely spaced Landau levels that are not straightforwardly resolved using standard lattice spectroscopy. Focusing on charged spinless hadrons, we introduce a simple projection technique that can be used to isolate the lowest Landau level. As the technique requires the explicit coordinate-space wave-function, we investigate the extent to which the continuum, infinite volume wave-function can be employed. We find that, in practice, the effects of discretization can be handled using a perturbative expansion about the continuum. Finite volume corrections are taken into account by using the discrete magnetic translational invariance of the torus. We show that quantized magnetic fields can lead to pernicious volume effects which depend on the magnetic flux quantum, rather than on the lattice volume.
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