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arXiv 1209.6468cond-mat.quant-gasquant-ph
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单个自旋杂质的量子动力学

Quantum dynamics of a single, mobile spin impurity

Takeshi Fukuhara, Adrian Kantian, Manuel Endres, Marc Cheneau, Peter Schauß, Sebastian Hild, David Bellem, Ulrich Schollwöck, Thierry Giamarchi, Christian Gross… 展开作者

Takeshi Fukuhara, Adrian Kantian, Manuel Endres, Marc Cheneau, Peter Schauß, Sebastian Hild, David Bellem, Ulrich Schollwöck, Thierry Giamarchi, Christian Gross, Immanuel Bloch, Stefan Kuhr

摘要:

量子磁学描述了许多材料的性质,如过渡金属氧化物和铜氧化物超导体。它的基本过程之一是自旋激发的传播。在这里,我们研究一个确定性创建的自旋杂质原子的量子动力学,因为它在一维晶格系统中传播。我们利用光晶格中玻色子原子的单点分辨成像,探测了杂质在不同时刻的全空间几率分布。在莫特绝缘制度中,数据的后选择允许减少温度的影响,从而获得海森堡模型中磁激发的量子相干传播的空间和时间分辨测量。将研究扩展到浴的超流制度,我们定量地确定浴如何强烈影响杂质的运动。实验数据显示出显着的协议与理论预测,使我们能够确定温度的影响上的相干性和杂质运动的速度。我们的结果为研究量子磁性、量子流体中的可动杂质和晶格系统中的极化子开辟了新的途径。

英文摘要:

Quantum magnetism describes the properties of many materials such as transition metal oxides and cuprate superconductors. One of its elementary processes is the propagation of spin excitations. Here we study the quantum dynamics of a deterministically created spin-impurity atom, as it propagates in a one-dimensional lattice system. We probe the full spatial probability distribution of the impurity at different times using single-site-resolved imaging of bosonic atoms in an optical lattice. In the Mott-insulating regime, a post-selection of the data allows to reduce the effect of temperature, giving access to a space- and time-resolved measurement of the quantum-coherent propagation of a magnetic excitation in the Heisenberg model. Extending the study to the bath's superfluid regime, we determine quantitatively how the bath strongly affects the motion of the impurity. The experimental data shows a remarkable agreement with theoretical predictions allowing us to determine the effect of temperature on the coherence and velocity of impurity motion. Our results pave the way for a new approach to study quantum magnetism, mobile impurities in quantum fluids, and polarons in lattice systems.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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