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arXiv 1209.5384nucl-thphysics.comp-ph
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量子系统多体动力学的实时计算

Real-time calculations of many-body dynamics in quantum systems

Takashi Nakatsukasa

摘要:

对核多体问题的含时量子力学问题进行了实时计算。用含时波包描述了低能核聚变中的量子隧穿。利用含时薛定谔方程计算强度函数的实时方法,适当地处理连续边界条件。为了超越少体模型,我们求助于密度泛函理论。简要回顾了核平均场模型,说明了核平均场模型的基础和有效相互作用中态依赖的必要性。这种状态依赖性被成功地考虑到密度依赖性,导致能量密度泛函。用含时密度泛函理论的实时方法计算了~(238)U的光吸收截面。

英文摘要:

Real-time computation of time-dependent quantum mechanical problems are presented for nuclear many-body problems. Quantum tunneling in nuclear fusion at low energy is described using a time-dependent wave packet. A real-time method of calculating strength functions using the time-dependent Schroedinger equation is utilized to properly treat the continuum boundary condition. To go beyond the few-body models,we resort to the density-functional theory. The nuclear mean-field models are briefly reviewed to illustrate its foundation and necessity of state dependence in effective interactions. This state dependence is successfully taken into account by the density dependence, leading to the energy density functional. Photoabsorption cross sections in 238U are calculated with the real-time method for the time-dependent density-functional theory.

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