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arXiv 1209.3679astro-ph.SR
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猎户座σ星系团中的恒星和褐矮星。III。可变源的OSIRIS/GTC低分辨光谱学

Stars and brown dwarfs in the sigma Orionis cluster. III. OSIRIS/GTC low-resolution spectroscopy of variable sources

J. A. Caballero, A. Cabrera-Lavers, D. Garcia-Alvarez, S. Pascual

备注：
A&A, in press (accepted for publication in section 14. Catalogs and data of Astronomy and Astrophysics)
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摘要：

上下文虽然到目前为止已经进行了许多研究，但在年轻的猎户座σ疏散星团中仍然有几十颗低质量恒星和褐矮星没有详细的光谱特征。目标。我们寻找未知的强吸积物和盘主机，在以前的调查中未被发现。方法.我们收集了低分辨率光谱（R ~ 700）的十个低质量恒星和棕矮星在猎户座西格玛与OSIRIS在大加那利望远镜在非常恶劣的天气条件下。这些物体在几小时到几年的时间尺度上显示出光学、红外、Halpha和/或X射线的变化。我们用光学和近/中红外光度法补充了我们的光谱。结果对于七个目标，我们检测到锂的吸收，确定了Halpha，钙双峰，和禁止线的发射，和/或首次确定光谱类型。我们详细地描述了一个暗淡的，金牛座T型棕矮星，光学周期变化为18 h，大的H α等效宽度为-125+/-15 AA，以及两个M1型，X射线闪烁，低质量的恒星，一个有一个温暖的光盘和禁止发射线，另一个有一个以前未知的冷盘，有一个大的内孔。结论.新的未发现的强吸积物和盘主机，甚至低于亚恒星极限，等待发现的已知的猎户座西格玛恒星和褐矮星的名单中，是可变的光学和没有详细的光谱特征。

英文摘要：

Context. Although many studies have been performed so far, there are still dozens of low-mass stars and brown dwarfs in the young sigma Orionis open cluster without detailed spectroscopic characterisation. Aims. We look for unknown strong accretors and disc hosts that were undetected in previous surveys. Methods. We collected low-resolution spectroscopy (R ~ 700) of ten low-mass stars and brown dwarfs in sigma Orionis with OSIRIS at the Gran Telescopio Canarias under very poor weather conditions. These objects display variability in the optical, infrared, Halpha, and/or X-rays on time scales of hours to years. We complemented our spectra with optical and near-/mid-infrared photometry. Results. For seven targets, we detected lithium in absorption, identified Halpha, the calcium doublet, and forbidden lines in emission, and/or determined spectral types for the first time. We characterise in detail a faint, T Tauri-like brown dwarf with an 18 h-period variability in the optical and a large Halpha equivalent width of -125+/-15 AA, as well as two M1-type, X-ray-flaring, low-mass stars, one with a warm disc and forbidden emission lines, the other with a previously unknown cold disc with a large inner hole. Conclusions. New unrevealed strong accretors and disc hosts, even below the substellar limit, await discovery among the list of known sigma Orionis stars and brown dwarfs that are variable in the optical and have no detailed spectroscopic characterisation yet.

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