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arXiv 1209.1173math.CO
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关于$k=4$的Ore猜想与Gr\”otzsch定理

Ore's Conjecture for $k=4$ and Gr\" otzsch Theorem

Alexandr Kostochka, Matthew Yancey

摘要:

一个图$G$是$k$ -{ \em critical},如果它有色数$k$,但$G$的每个真子图都是$(k-1)$ --可着色的.用$f_k(n)$表示$n$ -顶点$k$ -临界图的最小边数.在最近的一篇论文中,我们给出了一个下限$f_k(n) \geq F(k,n)$,该下限对于每个$n=1\,({\rm mod}\, k-1)$都是尖锐的。对于$k=4$和每一个$n\geq 6$来说,它也是尖锐的。本文给出了$k=4$上界的一个简单证明.它暗示了Ore在1967年提出的$k=4$猜想的情形,即对于每个$k\geq 4$和$n\geq k+2$,都有$f_k(n+k-1)=f(n)+\frac{k-1}{2}(k - \frac{2}{k-1})$。我们还证明了我们的结果蕴含着Gr\”otzsch定理的一个简单的证明,即每个无三角形的平面图都是3-可着色的。

英文摘要:

A graph $G$ is $k$-{\em critical} if it has chromatic number $k$, but every proper subgraph of $G$ is $(k-1)$--colorable. Let $f_k(n)$ denote the minimum number of edges in an $n$-vertex $k$-critical graph. In a very recent paper, we gave a lower bound, $f_k(n) \geq F(k,n)$, that is sharp for every $n=1\,({\rm mod}\, k-1)$. It is also sharp for $k=4$ and every $n\geq 6$. In this note, we present a simple proof of the bound for $k=4$. It implies the case $k=4$ of the conjecture by Ore from 1967 that for every $k\geq 4$ and $n\geq k+2$, $f_k(n+k-1)=f(n)+\frac{k-1}{2}(k - \frac{2}{k-1})$. We also show that our result implies a simple short proof of the Gr\" otzsch Theorem that every triangle-free planar graph is 3-colorable.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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