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arXiv 1209.0306astro-ph.CO
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旋涡星系的不透明度尘埃和气体表面密度

The Opacity of Spiral Galaxy Disks IX; Dust and Gas Surface Densities

B. W. Holwerda, R. J. Allen, W. J. G. de Blok, A. Bouchard, R. A. Gonzalez-Lopezlira, P. C. van der Kruit, A. Leroy

摘要:

我们的目标是探索旋涡星系中气体、原子和分子与尘埃之间的关系。气体表面密度来自原子氢和CO线发射图。为了估计尘埃含量,我们使用的磁盘不透明度推断出的12个HST/WFPC 2领域的10个附近的螺旋星系的遥远星系的数量。观测到的遥远星系的数量校准源混乱和拥挤的人工星系计数,在这里,我们验证了我们的结果与亚毫米表面亮度档案赫歇尔-SPIRE数据。我们发现,螺旋盘的不透明度不相关以及与原子(Hi)或分子氢(H2)的表面密度单独意味着尘埃不仅与分子云,但也弥漫在这些星系的原子盘。我们的结果是一个典型的尘埃气体比为0.04,有一些证据表明,这一比例下降与银河中心半径,最近的赫歇尔结果一致。我们讨论了这种高的灰尘与气体的比例的可能原因;高估的灰尘表面密度,低估的分子氢密度从CO地图或两者的组合。我们注意到,虽然我们的值的平均尘埃气体比是高的,它是一致的金属丰度在测量半径,如果一个假设Pilyugin和Thuan校准气体金属丰度。

英文摘要:

Our aim is to explore the relation between gas, atomic and molecular, and dust in spiral galaxies. Gas surface densities are from atomic hydrogen and CO line emission maps. To estimate the dust content, we use the disk opacity as inferred from the number of distant galaxies identified in twelve HST/WFPC2 fields of ten nearby spiral galaxies. The observed number of distant galaxies is calibrated for source confusion and crowding with artificial galaxy counts and here we verify our results with sub-mm surface brightnesses from archival Herschel-SPIRE data. We find that the opacity of the spiral disk does not correlate well with the surface density of atomic (Hi) or molecular hydrogen (H2) alone implying that dust is not only associated with the molecular clouds but also the diffuse atomic disk in these galaxies. Our result is a typical dust-to-gas ratio of 0.04, with some evidence that this ratio declines with galactocentric radius, consistent with recent Herschel results. We discuss the possible causes of this high dust-to-gas ratio; an over-estimate of the dust surface-density, an under-estimate of the molecular hydrogen density from CO maps or a combination of both. We note that while our value of the mean dust-to-gas ratio is high, it is consistent with the metallicity at the measured radii if one assumes the Pilyugin & Thuan calibration of gas metallicity.

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