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arXiv 1208.5952astro-ph.HEastro-ph.GA
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金属量对球状星团中LMXB形成的影响

Metallicity Effect on LMXB Formation in Globular Clusters

D. -W. Kim, G. Fabbiano, N. Ivanova, T. Fragos, A. Jordan, G. Sivakoff, R. Voss

摘要:

我们提出了全面的观测结果的金属丰度的影响的部分球状星团(GC),包含低质量的X射线双星(LMXB),利用所有可用的数据与钱德拉获得的LMXB和HST ACS的GC。我们的主要样本包括从ACS室女座和天炉座巡天中选出的古老椭圆星系。为了改善最低和最高X射线光度的统计数据,我们还使用了以前报道的其他星系的结果。众所周知,LMXB馏分在红色、富金属GC中比在蓝色、贫金属GC中高得多。在本文中,我们测试了这种金属丰度效应是否是X射线光度依赖,并发现该效应在很宽的光度范围内一致成立。这一结果在LMXB中具有统计学意义(在>= 3 σ时),其亮度范围为LX = 2 x 10^37 - 5 x 10^38 erg s-1,其中富金属GC与贫金属GC中LMXB组分的比例为R = 3.4 +- 0.5。在较低(低至10^36 erg s-1)和较高光度(高至ULX区域)下也发现了类似的比率,但显著性较低(~2 sigma置信度)。由于不同类型的LMXB在不同的光度下占主导地位,我们的发现需要一个新的解释动态形成的LMXB中的金属丰度效应。我们证实,金属丰度效应不受其他因素,如恒星年龄,GC质量,恒星相遇率,和银河系的中心距离。

英文摘要:

We present comprehensive observational results of the metallicity effect on the fraction of globular clusters (GC) that contain low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXB), by utilizing all available data obtained with Chandra for LMXBs and HST ACS for GCs. Our primary sample consists of old elliptical galaxies selected from the ACS Virgo and Fornax surveys. To improve statistics at both the lowest and highest X-ray luminosity, we also use previously reported results from other galaxies. It is well known that the LMXB fraction is considerably higher in red, metal-rich, than in blue, metal-poor GCs. In this paper, we test whether this metallicity effect is X-ray luminosity-dependent, and find that the effect holds uniformly in a wide luminosity range. This result is statistically significant (at >= 3 sigma) in LMXBs with luminosities in the range LX = 2 x 10^37 - 5 x 10^38 erg s-1, where the ratio of LMXB fractions in metal-rich to metal-poor GCs is R = 3.4 +- 0.5. A similar ratio is also found at lower (down to 10^36 erg s-1) and higher luminosities (up to the ULX regime), but with less significance (~2 sigma confidence). Because different types of LMXBs dominate in different luminosities, our finding requires a new explanation for the metallicity effect in dynamically formed LMXBs. We confirm that the metallicity effect is not affected by other factors such as stellar age, GC mass, stellar encounter rate, and galacto-centric distance.

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