转动量子摩擦
Rotational Quantum Friction
摘要：
本文研究了由于量子涨落作用于在表面附近旋转的小球上所产生的摩擦力。在零温度下，我们发现表面附近的摩擦力比在真空中旋转的球的摩擦力大几个数量级。对于具有典型导电性的金属材料，通过使旋转频率与导电性匹配来使量子摩擦最大化。导电性差的材料有利于获得大的量子摩擦。对于能够支持表面等离子体激元的半导体材料，由于表面等离子体激元的激发，量子摩擦可以进一步增强几个数量级。
英文摘要：
We investigate the frictional forces due to quantum fluctuations acting on a small sphere rotating near a surface. At zero temperature, we find the frictional force near a surface to be several orders of magnitude larger than that for the sphere rotating in vacuum. For metallic materials with typical conductivity, quantum friction is maximized by matching the frequency of rotation with the conductivity. Materials with poor conductivity are favored to obtain large quantum frictions. For semiconductor materials that are able to support surface plasmon polaritons, quantum friction can be further enhanced by several orders of magnitude due to the excitation of surface plasmon polaritons.
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