arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1208.0340astro-ph.GAastro-ph.CO
收藏

星团的尺度

The Size Scale of Star Clusters

Juan P. Madrid, Jarrod R. Hurley, Anna C. Sippel

摘要:

利用NBODY 6程序对真实的类银河势中的星团进行了直接N体模拟。在此基础上,导出了星系尺度与星系距离之间的新关系:星系尺度与星系距离的双曲正切成正比。星团的半质量半径随着银河系中心距离的增加而系统性地增加,但当星团绕银河系的轨道超过~40 kpc时就趋于平稳。这些模拟表明,个别星团的半质量半径变化显着,因为它们在哈勃时间的演变,更是如此的集群与较短的弛豫时间,并保持恒定,通过几个弛豫时间只有在某些情况下,当膨胀驱动的内部动力学的星团和宿主星系潮汐场的影响相互平衡。事实上,在现实银河系引力势的内部20 kpc内演化的星团半径被潮汐相互作用严重截断,并且在哈勃时间内不会保持恒定。此外,现今观测所测得的星团的半质量半径并没有原始星团大小的记忆。恒星演化和潮汐剥离是决定现今球状星团大小的两种相互竞争的物理机制。这些模拟还表明,扩展的星团可以在大的银河系中心距离形成,同时保持完全绑定到宿主星系。因此,没有必要援引来自外部星系的吸积来解释银河系型星系中存在的大银河系中心距离的扩展星系团。

英文摘要:

Direct N-body simulations of star clusters in a realistic Milky Way-like potential are carried out using the code NBODY6. Based on these simulations a new relationship between scale size and galactocentric distance is derived: the scale size of star clusters is proportional to the hyperbolic tangent of the galactocentric distance. The half-mass radius of star clusters increases systematically with galactocentric distance but levels off when star clusters orbit the galaxy beyond ~40 kpc. These simulations show that the half-mass radius of individual star clusters varies significantly as they evolve over a Hubble time, more so for clusters with shorter relaxation times, and remains constant through several relaxation times only in certain situations when expansion driven by the internal dynamics of the star cluster and the influence of the host galaxy tidal field balance each other. Indeed, the radius of a star cluster evolving within the inner 20 kpc of a realistic galactic gravitational potential is severely truncated by tidal interactions and does not remain constant over a Hubble time. Furthermore, the half-mass radius of star clusters measured with present day observations bears no memory of the original cluster size. Stellar evolution and tidal stripping are the two competing physical mechanisms that determine the present day size of globular clusters. These simulations also show that extended star clusters can form at large galactocentric distances while remaining fully bound to the host galaxy. There is thus no need to invoke accretion from an external galaxy to explain the presence of extended clusters at large galactocentric distances in a Milky Way-type galaxy.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑