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arXiv 1207.6239astro-ph.GA
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银河系螺旋模式和发电机action I:磁臂的新扭曲

Galactic spiral patterns and dynamo action I: A new twist on magnetic arms

Luke Chamandy, Kandaswamy Subramanian, Anvar Shukurov

摘要:

我们通过允许平均电动势(emf)的时间非局部性来概括平均场星系发电机的理论。由于平均电动势对平均磁场变化的响应时间有限,这在随机流中出现,并导致平均场的电报方程。由此产生的发电机模型还包括由磁螺旋度平衡引起的非线性发电机效应。在这个框架内,相干的大尺度磁螺旋臂叠加在主导轴对称磁结构被认为是。一个非轴对称强迫的平均场发电机的螺旋图案(无论是静态或瞬态)调用,目的是解释的现象的磁臂。对于一个固定的发电机强制由一个刚性旋转的材料螺旋,我们发现共转非轴对称磁模式奴役的轴对称模式和强烈的共转半径附近的峰值。对于由银河系差速旋转缠绕的瞬时物质臂的强迫,磁螺旋能够调整缠绕,以便它在任何时候都类似于物质螺旋。有深刻的影响与时间的非局部性,即有限的“发电机弛豫时间”。对于刚性旋转螺旋的情况,有限的弛豫时间导致每个磁臂相对于旋转大部分滞后于对应的材料臂。对于一个短暂的物质螺旋,有限的发电机弛豫时间导致磁臂和物质臂之间的大的负(在旋转的意义上)相移,类似于NGC 6946和其他星系中观察到的。我们证实,足够强的随机种子场可以导致全球逆转的规则场沿半径的长期生存取决于特定的功能,一个给定的星系。

英文摘要:

We generalise the theory of mean-field galactic dynamos by allowing for temporal non-locality in the mean electromotive force (emf). This arises in random flows due to a finite response time of the mean emf to changes in the mean magnetic field, and leads to the telegraph equation for the mean field. The resulting dynamo model also includes the nonlinear dynamo effects arising from magnetic helicity balance. Within this framework, coherent large-scale magnetic spiral arms superimposed on the dominant axially symmetric magnetic structure are considered. A non-axisymmetric forcing of the mean-field dynamo by a spiral pattern (either stationary or transient) is invoked, with the aim of explaining the phenomenon of magnetic arms. For a stationary dynamo forcing by a rigidly rotating material spiral, we find corotating non-axisymmetric magnetic modes enslaved to the axisymmetric modes and strongly peaked around the corotation radius. For a forcing by transient material arms wound up by the galactic differential rotation, the magnetic spiral is able to adjust to the winding so that it resembles the material spiral at all times. There are profound effects associated with the temporal non-locality, i.e. finite `dynamo relaxation time'. For the case of a rigidly rotating spiral, a finite relaxation time causes each magnetic arm to mostly lag the corresponding material arm with respect to the rotation. For a transient material spiral that winds up, the finite dynamo relaxation time leads to a large, negative (in the sense of the rotation) phase shift between the magnetic and material arms, similar to that observed in NGC 6946 and other galaxies. We confirm that sufficiently strong random seed fields can lead to global reversals of the regular field along the radius whose long-term survival depends on specific features of a given galaxy.

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