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arXiv 1206.7089astro-ph.IMastro-ph.HE
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统计学对确定超高能cosmic ray簇射最大深度平均值的影响

On the influence of statistics on the determination of the mean value of the depth of shower maximum for ultra high energy cosmic ray showers

A. D. Supanitsky, G. Medina-Tanco

摘要:

超高能宇宙射线的化学成分仍不确定。皮埃尔·俄歇天文台和HiRes协作组在测量阵雨达到最大发展Xmax时的平均值和大气深度波动方面获得的最新结果不一致。通过与空气簇射模拟的比较可以看出,虽然俄歇数据可以解释为能量大于~ 2-3x10^18 eV的重核逐渐跃迁,但HiRes数据与质子占主导地位的组成一致。在参考文献[1]中,有人提出,对俄歇观测到的Xmax平均值与质子期望值的偏差的一种可能的解释,可能源于Xmax分布的近似指数形状所产生的统计偏差,以及作为初级能量函数的事件数的减少。在本文中,我们考虑一个更好的描述的Xmax分布,并表明,可能的偏差在俄歇数据是至少一个数量级小于一个假设指数分布时得到的。因此,我们的结论是俄歇数据的质子预期的偏差是不可能解释这样的统计效应。

英文摘要:

The chemical composition of ultra high energy cosmic rays is still uncertain. The latest results obtained by the Pierre Auger Observatory and the HiRes Collaboration, concerning the measurement of the mean value and the fluctuations of the atmospheric depth at which the showers reach the maximum development, Xmax, are inconsistent. From comparison with air shower simulations it can be seen that, while the Auger data may be interpreted as a gradual transition to heavy nuclei for energies larger than ~ 2-3x10^18 eV, the HiRes data are consistent with a composition dominated by protons. In Ref. [1] it is suggested that a possible explanation of the observed deviation of the mean value of Xmax from the proton expectation, observed by Auger, could originate in a statistical bias arising from the approximated exponential shape of the Xmax distribution, combined with the decrease of the number of events as a function of primary energy. In this paper we consider a better description of the Xmax distribution and show that the possible bias in the Auger data is at least one order of magnitude smaller than the one obtained when assuming an exponential distribution. Therefore, we conclude that the deviation of the Auger data from the proton expectation is unlikely explained by such statistical effect.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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