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arXiv 1206.5950astro-ph.CO
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银河系远紫外和远红外二元光度函数:恒星和尘埃辐射之间的复杂关系

Far-Ultraviolet and Far-Infrared Bivariate Luminosity Function of Galaxies: Complex Relation between Stellar and Dust Emission

Tsutomu T. Takeuchi, Akane Sakurai, Fang-Ting Yuan, Veronique Buat, Denis Burgarella

摘要:

星系的远紫外(FUV)和远红外(FIR)光度函数(LF)表现出从$z = 0$到$z = 1$的强烈演化,但远红外LF的演化要比FUV强得多。FUV辐射主要来自新形成的短寿命OB星,而FIR辐射则来自被FUV辐射场加热的尘埃颗粒。众所周知,尘埃总是与恒星形成活动有关。因此,FUV和FIR都与星系中的恒星形成密切相关,但方式非常复杂。为了理清FUV和FIR辐射之间的关系,我们利用{ \sl GALEX}和{ \sl AKARI}全天巡天数据估计了星系的UV-IR双变量LF(BLF)。最近,我们发明了一种新的数学方法来构造具有给定边缘和指定相关系数的BLF。这种方法利用了数理统计中的一种工具,即所谓的“copula”。Copula使我们能够从给定的边际分布中构造一个具有指定相关性和/或依赖性结构的二元分布函数。利用这个新公式以及FUV和FIR单变量LF,我们使用{ \sl GALEX}、{ \sl Spitzer}和{ \sl AKARI}分析各种FUV和FIR数据以估计UV-IR BLF。所得到的BLF自然地解释了恒星形成星系FUV和FIR辐射之间的非线性复杂关系。虽然对于高$z$样品,BLF的模糊端没有得到很好的约束,但发现估计的线性相关系数$ρ$非常高,并且随着红移而显著稳定(从$z = 0$的0.95到$z = 1.0$的0.85)。这意味着UV-IR BLF的演化主要是由于单变量LF的不同演化,而可能不受相关结构的控制。

英文摘要:

Far-ultraviolet (FUV) and far-infrared (FIR) luminosity functions (LFs) of galaxies show a strong evolution from $z = 0$ to $z = 1$, but the FIR LF evolves much stronger than the FUV one. The FUV is dominantly radiated from newly formed short-lived OB stars, while the FIR is emitted by dust grains heated by the FUV radiation field. It is known that dust is always associated with star formation activity. Thus, both FUV and FIR are tightly related to the star formation in galaxies, but in a very complicated manner. In order to disentangle the relation between FUV and FIR emissions, we estimate the UV-IR bivariate LF (BLF) of galaxies with {\sl GALEX} and {\sl AKARI} All-Sky Survey datasets. Recently we invented a new mathematical method to construct the BLF with given marginals and prescribed correlation coefficient. This method makes use of a tool from mathematical statistics, so called "copula". The copula enables us to construct a bivariate distribution function from given marginal distributions with prescribed correlation and/or dependence structure. With this new formulation and FUV and FIR univariate LFs, we analyze various FUV and FIR data with {\sl GALEX}, {\sl Spitzer}, and {\sl AKARI} to estimate the UV-IR BLF. The obtained BLFs naturally explain the nonlinear complicated relation between FUV and FIR emission from star-forming galaxies. Though the faint-end of the BLF was not well constrained for high-$z$ samples, the estimated linear correlation coefficient $ρ$ was found to be very high, and is remarkably stable with redshifts (from 0.95 at $z = 0$ to 0.85 at $z = 1.0$). This implies the evolution of the UV-IR BLF is mainly due to the different evolution of the univariate LFs, and may not be controlled by the dependence structure.

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