在碎片盘中观测行星-盘相互作用
Observing planet-disk interaction in debris disks
摘要：
上下文由行星-盘相互作用引起的碎片盘中的结构有望为嵌入行星的存在和性质提供有价值的约束。目标。我们研究了行星-盘相互作用引起的碎片盘结构的可观测性。方法.在一个简单的圆盘分析模型的基础上，研究了阿塔卡马大型毫米/亚毫米阵列（ALMA）的碎片圆盘的可观测性。此外，N体模拟被用来模拟行星盘相互作用的影响下，在碎片盘的空间尘埃分布。计算了光学散射光到毫米热再发射的图像。关于ALMA和詹姆斯·韦伯空间望远镜（JWST）的预期能力的现有信息被用来研究通过空间分辨成像的特征盘结构的可观测性。结果行星与盘的相互作用可以导致突出的结构。这提供了探测和表征太阳系外行星的机会，这些行星的质量和距离恒星的径向距离是其他技术无法达到的。将在不久的将来提供的设施显示，提供空间分辨和确定碎片盘结构的能力。局限性被揭示，并给出可能的仪器设置和观察策略的建议。特别地，ALMA受限于其对表面亮度的灵敏度，这需要在灵敏度和空间分辨率之间进行权衡。天基中红外观测将能够探测和空间分辨碎片盘中的区域，即使在距离恒星几十天文单位的地方，碎片盘在这一波长范围内的发射预计很低。[删节]
英文摘要：
Context. Structures in debris disks induced by planetdisk interaction are promising to provide valuable constraints on the existence and properties of embedded planets. Aims. We investigate the observability of structures in debris disks induced by planet-disk interaction. Methods. The observability of debris disks with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) is studied on the basis of a simple analytical disk model. Furthermore, N-body simulations are used to model the spatial dust distribution in debris disks under the influence of planet-disk interaction. Images at optical scattered light to millimeter thermal re-emission are computed. Available information about the expected capabilities of ALMA and the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) are used to investigate the observability of characteristic disk structures through spatially resolved imaging. Results. Planet-disk interaction can result in prominent structures. This provides the opportunity of detecting and characterizing extrasolar planets in a range of masses and radial distances from the star that is not accessible to other techniques. Facilities that will be available in the near future are shown to provide the capabilities to spatially resolve and characterize structures in debris disks. Limitations are revealed and suggestions for possible instrument setups and observing strategies are given. In particular, ALMA is limited by its sensitivity to surface brightness, which requires a trade-off between sensitivity and spatial resolution. Space-based midinfrared observations will be able to detect and spatially resolve regions in debris disks even at a distance of several tens of AU from the star, where the emission from debris disks in this wavelength range is expected to be low. [Abridged]
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