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arXiv 1205.6348gr-qcastro-ph.HE
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用高频QPO共振模型探测候选黑洞周围的时空几何及其与连续拟合方法的比较

Probing the space-time geometry around black hole candidates with the resonance models for high-frequency QPOs and comparison with the continuum-fitting method

Cosimo Bambi

摘要:

天体物理学上的黑洞候选者被认为是广义相对论预测的克尔黑洞。为了证实这些物体的克尔性质,我们需要探测它们周围的时空几何,看看观测结果是否与克尔度规的预测一致。例如,这可以通过研究吸积盘中气体发射的电磁辐射的特性来实现。在一些恒星质量的黑洞候选者的X射线通量中观察到的高频准周期振荡可能会起作用。由于这些振荡的频率对观测到的X射线通量的依赖性很弱,因此人们认为它们主要是由时空的度规决定的。在本文中,我考虑的谐振模型提出的Abramowicz和Kluzniak和我以前的结果扩展到非克尔时空的情况下。新出现的图像比克尔黑洞周围的图像更复杂,并且不同模式之间存在大量可能的组合。然后,我比较了从双峰高频准周期振荡中观察到的三个微类星体(GRO J1655-40,XTE J1550-564,和GRS 1915+105)的连续拟合方法的测量相同的对象推断的边界。对于克尔黑洞,这两种方法不能提供一致的结果。在非克尔几何中,如果观察到的准周期振荡由谐振$ν_θ: ν_r = 3:1$产生,则可以解决该冲突,其中$ν_θ$和$ν_r$是两个周转频率。至少值得一提的是,观测所需的克尔解的变形与最近另一项工作中提出的变形是一致的,该工作讨论了稳定喷流由这些致密物体的自旋提供动力的可能性。

英文摘要:

Astrophysical black hole candidates are thought to be the Kerr black hole predicted by General Relativity. In order to confirm the Kerr-nature of these objects, we need to probe the geometry of the space-time around them and see if the observations are consistent with the predictions of the Kerr metric. That can be achieved, for instance, by studying the properties of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the gas in the accretion disk. The high-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations observed in the X-ray flux of some stellar-mass black hole candidates might do the job. As the frequencies of these oscillations depend only very weakly on the observed X-ray flux, it is thought they are mainly determined by the metric of the space-time. In this paper, I consider the resonance models proposed by Abramowicz and Kluzniak and I extend previous results to the case of non-Kerr space-times. The emerging picture is more complicated than the one around a Kerr black hole and there is a larger number of possible combinations between different modes. I then compare the bounds inferred from the twin peak high-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations observed in three micro-quasars (GRO J1655-40, XTE J1550-564, and GRS 1915+105) with the measurements from the continuum-fitting method of the same objects. For Kerr black holes, the two approaches do not provide consistent results. In a non-Kerr geometry, this conflict may be solved if the observed quasi-periodic oscillations are produced by the resonance $ν_θ: ν_r = 3:1$, where $ν_θ$ and $ν_r$ are the two epicyclic frequencies. It is at least worth mentioning that the deformation from the Kerr solution required by observations would be consistent with the one suggested in another recent work discussing the possibility that steady jets are powered by the spin of these compact objects.

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