四色模型与金刚石晶格中的阻挫超流性
Four-coloring model and frustrated superfluidity in the diamond lattice
摘要：
本文提出了一个新的四色模型来描述金刚石光晶格中$p$带玻色子的“受抑超流性”。超流相的凝聚体波函数的钻石晶格键映射到四个不同的颜色在低温下。宏观数量的状态满足四个不同颜色的键在同一位置相遇的约束，这一事实导致了超流基态在经典水平上的广泛简并。我们证明了超流波函数的相位以及轨道角动量相关性在退化流形中表现出幂律衰减，该退化流形由具有三个独立通量场的紧急静磁理论描述。因此，我们的研究结果提供了一个新的例子，临界超流相的代数顺序在三维空间。我们进一步表明，量子涨落有利于Néel有序的轨道角动量与破缺的亚晶格对称性通过有序无序机制。
英文摘要：
We propose a novel four-coloring model which describes "frustrated superfluidity" of $p$-band bosons in the diamond optical lattice. The superfluid phases of the condensate wavefunctions on the diamond-lattice bonds are mapped to four distinct colors at low temperatures. The fact that a macroscopic number of states satisfy the constraints that four differently colored bonds meet at the same site leads to an extensive degeneracy in the superfluid ground state at the classical level. We demonstrate that the phase of the superfluid wavefunction as well as the orbital angular momentum correlations exhibit a power-law decay in the degenerate manifold that is described by an emergent magnetostatic theory with three independent flux fields. Our results thus provide a novel example of critical superfluid phase with algebraic order in three dimensions. We further show that quantum fluctuations favor a Néel ordering of orbital angular moments with broken sublattice symmetry through the order-by-disorder mechanism.
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