现实生活条件下的顺序量子克隆
Sequential quantum cloning under real-life conditions
摘要：
我们考虑了Gisin和Massar的最优量子克隆机的顺序实现，并提出了实验实现这样的量子克隆机的优化协议，但受到现实生活中的限制。我们演示了如何利用矩阵积状态（MPS）形式主义和随后的变分优化技术揭示克隆过程的Gisin-Massar输出的有趣代数结构，并对Delgado等人的顺序克隆处方的最优性带来显着改进[Phys. Rev. Lett. 98，150502（2007）]。我们的数值结果表明，正统的最佳量子克隆的范例，可以在实践中实现一个更经济的方式，利用相当少的信息和数字资源比迄今估计。代替先前预测的所需辅助维度D与量子位数n的线性缩放，我们的配方允许实现这样的顺序克隆设置，其具有至多D=3至n=15量子位的实验可管理的维度辅助。我们还满意地解决提供一个最佳范围的顺序辅助量子位相互作用的最佳克隆的任意状态在现实的实验环境下，只有一个有限的类这样的二分相互作用可以在实践中工程的可能性。
英文摘要：
We consider a sequential implementation of the optimal quantum cloning machine of Gisin and Massar and propose optimization protocols for experimental realization of such a quantum cloner subject to the real-life restrictions. We demonstrate how exploiting the matrix-product state (MPS) formalism and the ensuing variational optimization techniques reveals the intriguing algebraic structure of the Gisin-Massar output of the cloning procedure and brings about significant improvements to the optimality of the sequential cloning prescription of Delgado et al [Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 150502 (2007)]. Our numerical results show that the orthodox paradigm of optimal quantum cloning can in practice be realized in a much more economical manner by utilizing a considerably lesser amount of informational and numerical resources than hitherto estimated. Instead of the previously predicted linear scaling of the required ancilla dimension D with the number of qubits n, our recipe allows a realization of such a sequential cloning setup with an experimentally manageable ancilla of dimension at most D=3 up to n=15 qubits. We also address satisfactorily the possibility of providing an optimal range of sequential ancilla-qubit interactions for optimal cloning of arbitrary states under realistic experimental circumstances when only a restricted class of such bipartite interactions can be engineered in practice.
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