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arXiv 1203.0101physics.ins-det
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宇宙μ子的通量变化

Flux Variation of Cosmic Muons

Nepal Ramesh, Martin Hawron, Clayton Martin, Abdel Bachri

摘要:

在本文中,我们分析了宇宙辐射通量随海拔高度,一年中的时间和环境温度的变化与便携式宇宙μ子探测器的帮助下,其中的建设是由南阿肯色大学(SAU)在劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室(LBNL)的一个团队完成。宇宙μ子和γ射线穿过通过光导连接到两个光电倍增管(PMT)的两个同步放大器,并产生电子脉冲,我们使用数据采集板(DAQ)进行计数。由于μ子是高能宇宙射线与大气原子核碰撞的产物,因此会大量落在地球上,所以为了便于探测,将这些介子水平放置。海拔测量记录在不同的位置,从60英尺以下的海平面在地下辐射计数实验室在约翰逊航天中心,得克萨斯州,到4200英尺的山。加利福尼亚州汉密尔顿中间位置包括海平面加尔维斯顿湾,德克萨斯州和山。杂志,AR(2800英尺)。数据点显示,随着海拔的增加,通量明显增加,与纬度无关。调查宇宙射线对温度和一年中时间的依赖性的测量在阿肯色州的木兰花当地进行。我们发现宇宙μ子通量是均匀的,似乎是独立的地球上的条件,并与温度反相关。我们确信太阳对宇宙射线通量的影响极小甚至为零;它不可能是这种背景辐射的主要来源。宇宙辐射的来源仍然是当今物理学中最大的未解之谜之一。

英文摘要:

In the current paper, we analyzed the variation of cosmic radiation flux with elevation, time of the year and ambient temperature with the help of a portable cosmic muon detector, the construction of which was completed by a team from Southern Arkansas University (SAU) at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL). Cosmic muons and gamma rays traverse two synchronized scintillators connected to two photomultiplier tubes (PMT) via light guides, and generate electronic pulses which we counted using a Data Acquisition Board (DAQ). Because muons are the product of collisions between high-energy cosmic rays and atmospheric nuclei, and therefore shower onto earth, the scintillators were arranged horizontally for detection. The elevation measurements were recorded at different locations, starting from 60 feet below sea-level at the Underground Radiation Counting Laboratory at Johnson Space Center, TX, to 4200 feet at Mt. Hamilton, CA. Intermediate locations included sea-level Galveston Bay, TX, and Mt. Magazine, AR (2800 feet). The data points showed a noticeable increase in flux as elevation increases, independent of latitude. Measurements investigating the dependence of cosmic rays on temperature and time of the year took place locally in Magnolia, AR. We found that cosmic muon flux is uniform, appears to be independent of conditions on earth, and is anti-correlative with temperature. We are convinced that the sun has minimal to zero effect on cosmic-ray flux; it cannot be a major contributing source of this background radiation. The source of cosmic radiation remains one of the biggest unanswered questions in physics today.

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