物质-正电子偶素相互作用：He原子-正电子偶素系统的精确对角化研究
Matter-positronium interaction: An exact diagonalization study of the He atom - positronium system
摘要：
用精确对角化方法研究了由一个He核、三个电子和一个正电子组成的多体系统。其目的是澄清在何种程度上系统可以被认为是一个可区分的正电子素（Ps）原子与He原子相互作用，从而铺平了道路，一个实用的原子模型的Ps状态和物质湮灭。对正电子与核之间的距离的最大值进行了约束，并根据电子和正电子密度、电子-正电子距离和质心分布确定了离核不同距离处的Ps原子。Ps原子的极化随着其离核的距离的减小而增加。已经观察到He电子密度的耗尽，特别是在低密度值时大。正电子和自由He电子密度的重叠计算的ortho-Ps拾取湮没率必须校正所观察到的耗尽，特别是在大孔隙/空隙。
英文摘要：
The many-body system comprising a He nucleus, three electrons, and a positron has been studied using the exact diagonalization technique. The purpose has been to clarify to which extent the system can be considered as a distinguishable positronium (Ps) atom interacting with a He atom and, thereby, to pave the way to a practical atomistic modeling of Ps states and annihilation in matter. The maximum value of the distance between the positron and the nucleus is constrained and the Ps atom at different distances from the nucleus is identified from the electron and positron densities, as well as from the electron-positron distance and center-of-mass distributions. The polarization of the Ps atom increases as its distance from the nucleus decreases. A depletion of the He electron density, particularly large at low density values, has been observed. The ortho-Ps pick-off annihilation rate calculated as the overlap of the positron and the free He electron densities has to be corrected for the observed depletion, specially at large pores/voids.
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