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arXiv 1202.4476hep-thmath-phmath.MP
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大N时的Yang-Mills质量间隙,非对易YM理论,拓扑量子场论和超有限性

Yang-Mills mass gap at large-N, non-commutative YM theory, topological quantum field theory and hyperfiniteness

Marco Bochicchio

摘要:

我们回顾了量子规范理论中的一些新老概念,其中有些是已经建立但尚未得到广泛重视的,有些是最近的。这些概念涉及非对易规范理论及其与大N极限的关系、回路方程和反自对偶变量的变化(也称为尼古拉映射)、拓扑场论(TFT)及其与定域化和Morse-Smale-Floer同调的关系,重点是数学方面和物理意义。这些概念以一种新的方式组合在一起,对大N SU(N)YM中的质量隙问题形成了一条攻击线,并作了评述。在纯SU(N)YM的大N极限下,威尔逊圈的环境代数是II_1型非超有限因子.然而,对于1/N阶的质量间隙问题,只有局部规范不变的单迹算子的子代数是重要的。这个子代数中的连通两点传播子必须是自由质量场的传播子的无限和,这是一个巨大的简化。这是一个开放的问题,由增长的退化的频谱,上述局部子代数是否实际上是超有限的。对于质量间隙的问题,在搜索一个超有限子代数包含的标量部门的大N YM,一个主要的作用是由一个TFT的存在下的大N极限的YM,扭曲的边界条件上的环面或,什么是相同的森田对偶,在一个非交换环面。

英文摘要:

We review a number of old and new concepts in quantum gauge theories, some of which are well established but not widely appreciated, some are most recent. Such concepts involve non-commutative gauge theories and their relation to the large-N limit, loop equations and the change to the anti-selfdual variables also known as Nicolai map, topological field theory (TFT) and its relation to localization and Morse-Smale-Floer homology, with an emphasis both on the mathematical aspects and the physical meaning. These concepts, assembled in a new way, enter a line of attack to the problem of the mass gap in large-N SU(N) YM, that is reviewed as well. In the large-N limit of pure SU(N) YM the ambient algebra of Wilson loops is known to be a type II_1 non-hyperfinite factor. Nevertheless, for the mass gap problem at the leading 1/N order, only the subalgebra of local gauge-invariant single-trace operators matters. The connected two-point correlators in this subalgebra must be an infinite sum of propagators of free massive fields, a vast simplification. It is an open problem, determined by the grow of the degeneracy of the spectrum, whether the aforementioned local subalgebra is in fact hyperfinite. For the mass-gap problem, in the search of a hyperfinite subalgebra containing the scalar sector of large-N YM, a major role is played by the existence of a TFT underlying the large-N limit of YM, with twisted boundary conditions on a torus or, what is the same by Morita duality, on a non-commutative torus.

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