爱因斯坦1912-1913年与引力理论的斗争：静态引力场理论的重要性
Einstein's 1912-1913 struggles with Gravitation Theory: Importance of Static Gravitational Fields Theory
摘要：
1911年12月，马克斯·亚伯拉罕发表了一篇关于引力的论文，其基础是阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦1911年6月关于光速和引力势之间关系的结论。1912年2月，爱因斯坦发表了他关于静态引力场的研究成果，这是基于他1911年的六月理论。1912年3月，爱因斯坦更正了他的论文，但亚伯拉罕声称爱因斯坦借用了他的方程;然而，实际上是亚伯拉罕需要爱因斯坦的想法，而不是相反。爱因斯坦认为，亚伯拉罕转换到他的理论静态领域，而亚伯拉罕假设完全相反。爱因斯坦随后搬到苏黎世，并转向新的数学工具。他研究了各种候选人一般协变场方程，并已考虑了他的广义相对论的场方程约三年前，他发表了他们在1915年11月。然而，他放弃了这些方程，只是在三年多后又回到了这些方程。爱因斯坦1912年的静态场理论最终使他拒绝了一般协变场方程，并发展了有限的一般协变场方程。
英文摘要：
In December 1911, Max Abraham published a paper on gravitation at the basis of which was Albert Einstein's 1911 June conclusion about a relationship between the velocity of light and the gravitational potential. In February 1912, Einstein published his work on static gravitational fields, which was based on his 1911 June theory. In March 1912, Einstein corrected his paper, but Abraham claimed that Einstein borrowed his equations; however, it was actually Abraham who needed Einstein's ideas and not the other way round. Einstein thought that Abraham converted to his theory of static fields while Abraham presumed exactly the opposite. Einstein then moved to Zurich and switched to new mathematical tools. He examined various candidates for generally covariant field equations, and already considered the field equations of his general theory of relativity about three years before he published them in November 1915. However, he discarded these equations only to return to them more than three years later. Einstein's 1912 theory of static fields finally led him to reject the generally covariant field equations and to develop limited generally covariant field equations.
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