arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1202.1104cond-mat.softcond-mat.stat-mechphysics.chem-ph
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胶体和大分子的成核:成核途径重要吗?

Nucleation of colloids and macromolecules: does the nucleation pathway matter?

James F. Lutsko

摘要:

最近的描述扩散限制成核波动的流体动力学的基础上,扩展经典的成核理论预测一个非常非经典的两步方案,从而成核是最有可能发生在空间上扩展,低幅度的密度波动。在本文中,它示出了如何可以使用的形式主义来确定观察\emph{any}建议的成核途径的最大概率,从而允许一个解决问题,其相对可能性,包括新提出的途径相比,经典的情况。计算高浓度气泡的成核在低浓度溶液中的球状蛋白质,它被发现,相对概率(新理论相比,经典的结果)达到一个临界核含有$N_c$分子尺度为$e^{-N_c/3}$,从而表明,对于所有,但最小的核,经典的情况是极不可能的。

英文摘要:

A recent description of diffusion-limited nucleation based on fluctuating hydrodynamics that extends classical nucleation theory predicts a very non-classical two-step scenario whereby nucleation is most likely to occur in spatially-extended, low-amplitude density fluctuations. In this paper, it is shown how the formalism can be used to determine the maximum probability of observing \emph{any} proposed nucleation pathway, thus allowing one to address the question as to their relative likelihood, including of the newly proposed pathway compared to classical scenarios. Calculations are presented for the nucleation of high-concentration bubbles in a low-concentration solution of globular proteins and it is found that the relative probabilities (new theory compared to classical result) for reaching a critical nucleus containing $N_c$ molecules scales as $e^{-N_c/3}$ thus indicating that for all but the smallest nuclei, the classical scenario is extremely unlikely.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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