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arXiv 1202.0300astro-ph.SRastro-ph.IM
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来自Keck/NIRSPEC的精确红外径向速度和寻找年轻行星

Precise Infrared Radial Velocities from Keck/NIRSPEC and the Search for Young Planets

John I. Bailey, Russel J. White, Cullen H. Blake, Dave Charbonneau, Travis S. Barman, Angelle M. Tanner, Guillermo Torres

摘要:

本文利用近红外光谱仪在W。M.凯克天文台。使用大地特征进行精确的波长校准,实现了50米/秒的径向速度精度为老场中M矮星。使用这种技术,我们在几年内监测了β Pic(年龄约1200万年)和TW Hya(年龄约800万年)协会中的20颗年轻恒星,以寻找低质量的伴星;我们还将色球活动场星GJ 873(EV Lac)包括在这次调查中。根据与以前的光学观测这些年轻的活跃的恒星的比较,径向速度测量在红外波长减轻径向速度噪声所造成的星点的一个因素~3。然而,星点噪声仍然是2.3 μm处年轻恒星测量误差的主要来源,并将最慢旋转恒星(v sin i < 6 km/s)的精度限制在~77 m/s,快速旋转恒星(v sin i > 12 km/s)的精度增加到~168 m/s。观测结果显示GJ 3305和TWA 23都是单线分光双星; GJ 3305的运动可能是由它的0.09”伴星引起的,这颗伴星是在观测开始后发现的。TWA 13 A的大振幅、短时间尺度变化表明有一个热的类彗星伴星,但现有数据不足以证实这一点。我们将其标记为候选径向速度变量。对于样本的其余部分,这些观察结果排除了平均质量大于8 MJup的任何“热”(P < 3天)伴星的存在,以及平均质量大于17 MJup的任何“热”(P < 30天)伴星。假设边缘盘系统AU Mic的轨道边缘,这些观测排除了任何质量超过1.8 MJup的热彗星或质量超过3.9 MJup的暖彗星的存在。

英文摘要:

We present a high-precision infrared radial velocity study of late-type stars using spectra obtained with NIRSPEC at the W. M. Keck Observatory. Radial velocity precisions of 50 m/s are achieved for old field mid-M dwarfs using telluric features for precise wavelength calibration. Using this technique, 20 young stars in the β Pic (age ~12 Myr) and TW Hya (age ~8 Myr) Associations were monitored over several years to search for low mass companions; we also included the chromospherically active field star GJ 873 (EV Lac) in this survey. Based on comparisons with previous optical observations of these young active stars, radial velocity measurements at infrared wavelengths mitigate the radial velocity noise caused by star spots by a factor of ~3. Nevertheless, star spot noise is still the dominant source of measurement error for young stars at 2.3 μm, and limits the precision to ~77 m/s for the slowest rotating stars (v sin i < 6 km/s), increasing to ~168 m/s for rapidly rotating stars (v sin i > 12 km/s). The observations reveal both GJ 3305 and TWA 23 to be single-lined spectroscopic binaries; in the case of GJ 3305, the motion is likely caused by its 0.09" companion, identified after this survey began. The large amplitude, short-timescale variations of TWA 13A are indicative of a hot Jupiter-like companion, but the available data are insufficient to confirm this. We label it as a candidate radial velocity variable. For the remainder of the sample, these observations exclude the presence of any 'hot' (P < 3 days) companions more massive than 8 MJup, and any 'warm' (P < 30 days) companions more massive than 17 MJup, on average. Assuming an edge-on orbit for the edge-on disk system AU Mic, these observations exclude the presence of any hot Jupiters more massive than 1.8 MJup or warm Jupiters more massive than 3.9 MJup.

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