质子中子星中夸克-强子相变混合相中的非晶态
Amorphous state in the mixed phase of quark-hadron phase transition in protoneutron stars
摘要：
研究了质子中子星中的强子-夸克混合相，其中中微子被捕获，轻子数成为除重子数和电荷外的守恒量。将质子中子-恒星物质视为三元体系，吉布斯条件与库仑相互作用一起应用。我们发现，没有晶体（“面食”）结构出现在高轻子数分数的制度，面食的尺寸变得非常大，几何结构变得机械不稳定，由于电荷屏蔽效应。因此，整个系统被分成两个大块区域，如非晶态，其中表面效应被安全地忽略。在那里，当地的电荷中性近似达到，使状态方程有效地减少到一个二元系统。因此，我们的结论是，有没有可能的密度不连续出现在质子中子星物质，这是一个特定的功能，在一个纯系统。当考虑超新星爆炸或质子中子星的引力波辐射等天体物理现象时，这些特征非常重要。
英文摘要：
We study the hadron-quark mixed phase in protoneutron stars, where neutrinos are trapped and lepton number becomes a conserved quantity besides the baryon number and electric charge. Considering protoneutron-star matter as a ternary system, the Gibbs conditions are applied together with the Coulomb interaction. We find that there no crystalline ("pasta") structure appears in the regime of high lepton-number fraction; the size of pasta becomes very large and the geometrical structure becomes mechanically unstable due to the charge screening effect. Consequently the whole system is separated into two bulk regions like an amorphous state, where the surface effect is safely neglected. There, the local charge neutrality is approximately attained, so that the equation of state is effectively reduced to the one for a binary system. Hence, we conclude that there is no possibility for the density discontinuity to appear in protoneutron-star matter, which is a specific feature in a pure system. These features are important when considering astrophysical phenomena such as supernova explosions or radiation of the gravitational wave from protoneutron stars.
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