协同分子马达的占空比
Duty-ratio of cooperative molecular motors
摘要：
分子马达存在于人体的细胞中，具有许多不同的重要作用。这些微型机器沿着细丝轨道移动，并有能力将化学能转化为机械功，为细胞运动提供动力。不同类型的电机的特征在于不同的占空比，占空比是电机连接到其灯丝的时间的分数。在肌球蛋白II的情况下-一个非进行性的分子机器与低占空比-几个电机之间的协同性是必不可少的，以诱导沿其肌动蛋白丝轨道的运动。在这项工作中，我们使用统计力学工具来计算合作分子马达的占空比。该模型表明，非进程的电机协同工作的有效占空比低于单个电机的占空比。这种效应的起源是灯丝中产生的弹性张力，当电机从轨道上分离时，这种张力被释放。
英文摘要：
Molecular motors are found throughout the cells of the human body, and have many different and important roles. These micro-machines move along filament tracks, and have the ability to convert chemical energy into mechanical work that powers cellular motility. Different types of motors are characterized by different duty-ratios, which is the fraction of time that a motor is attached to its filament. In the case of myosin II - a non-processive molecular machine with a low duty ratio - cooperativity between several motors is essential to induce motion along its actin filament track. In this work we use statistical mechanical tools to calculate the duty ratio of cooperative molecular motors. The model suggests that the effective duty ratio of non-processive motors that work in cooperation is lower than the duty ratio of the individual motors. The origin of this effect is the elastic tension that develops in the filament which is relieved when motors detach from the track.
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