协同效应增强了分子蜘蛛队的运输特性
Cooperative effects enhance the transport properties of molecular spider teams
摘要：
分子蜘蛛是基于DNA纳米技术的合成分子马达。虽然天然分子马达已经朝着非常高的效率发展，但是为人造分子马达开发有效的设计仍然是一个主要的挑战。受生物马达蛋白如驱动蛋白和肌球蛋白的启发，分子蜘蛛由一个身体和几条腿组成。腿在网格上行走，网格上涂有可以催化裂解的基底。我们提出了一种新的分子蜘蛛设计，其中n蜘蛛形成一个团队。我们的理论研究表明，将几个蜘蛛耦合在一起会显著改变最终团队的动态。虽然蜘蛛在扩散占主导地位的规模上运作，但蜘蛛队可以调整到接近弹道的行为，这导致快速和可预测的运动。基于衬底和产品停留时间的时间尺度的分离，我们开发了一个理论，利用等价类粗粒度的微观状态空间。此外，我们计算的蜘蛛队的扩散系数，采用一个n-蜘蛛队的映射到一个n维的随机步行者在一个封闭的晶格。我们用蒙特卡罗模拟验证了这些结果，并预测了分子蜘蛛团队结构的最佳参数，使它们的运动最有方向性和最大限度地可预测性。
英文摘要：
Molecular spiders are synthetic molecular motors based on DNA nanotechnology. While natural molecular motors have evolved towards very high efficiency, it remains a major challenge to develop efficient designs for man-made molecular motors. Inspired by biological motor proteins like kinesin and myosin, molecular spiders comprise a body and several legs. The legs walk on a lattice that is coated with substrate which can be cleaved catalytically. We propose a novel molecular spider design in which n spiders form a team. Our theoretical considerations show that coupling several spiders together alters the dynamics of the resulting team significantly. Although spiders operate at a scale where diffusion is dominant, spider teams can be tuned to behave nearly ballistic, which results in fast and predictable motion. Based on the separation of time scales of substrate and product dwell times, we develop a theory which utilises equivalence classes to coarse-grain the micro-state space. In addition, we calculate diffusion coefficients of the spider teams, employing a mapping of an n-spider team to an n-dimensional random walker on a confined lattice. We validate these results with Monte Carlo simulations and predict optimal parameters of the molecular spider team architecture which makes their motion most directed and maximally predictable.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
