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arXiv 1201.4380astro-ph.HEastro-ph.CO
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12个gamma-ray亮耀变体的SMARTS光学和红外监测

SMARTS optical and infrared monitoring of 12 gamma-ray bright blazars

E. W. Bonning, C. M. Urry, C. Bailyn, M. Buxton, R. Chatterjee, P. Coppi, G. Fossati, J. Isler, L. Maraschi

摘要:

我们提出了从2008年至2010年观测到的12个耀变体的多波长数据,作为正在进行的光学红外光度监测项目的一部分。源被选择为明亮的南方耀变体(dec < 20 deg),由费米伽马射线太空望远镜观测到,从费米任务开始,每天和每周都有伽马射线通量。在BVRJK中给出了12颗耀变体的光变曲线。我们发现,在所有的来源,光学和红外通量是相关的。在我们的样本中,伽马射线亮平谱射电类星体(FSRQs)具有与GeV发射的逆康普顿散射模型一致的伽马射线相关的光学/红外发射。在FSRQs中,变化幅度朝向光学/IR波长减小,与来自吸积盘的热发射分量的存在相一致,该热发射分量在比射流同步辐射显著更长的时间尺度上变化。在BL Lac天体中,变化在波长上主要是恒定的,与弱或辐射效率低的磁盘一致。当FSRQ更亮时,它们具有更红的光红外颜色,而BL Lac天体则没有这种趋势。有几个天体显示出复杂的色星等行为:AO 0235+164根据其是否是伽马射线亮而呈现两种不同的状态。OJ 287和3C 279在它们的颜色-星等图中显示了一些滞后轨迹。个别耀斑可能是消色差的,或者偏离趋势,这表明不同的喷流成分在不同的时间变得重要。我们提出了一个随时间变化的光谱能量分布的明亮的FSRQ 3C 454.3在其2009年12月的耀斑,这是很好的拟合外部康普顿模型在明亮的状态,虽然每天的变化构成了挑战,一个简单的单区模型。SMARTS监测计划的所有数据都可在我们的网站上公开获取。

英文摘要:

We present multiwavelength data for twelve blazars observed from 2008-2010 as part of an ongoing optical-infrared photometric monitoring project. Sources were selected to be bright, southern (dec < 20 deg) blazars observed by the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope, with daily and weekly gamma-ray fluxes made available from the start of the Fermi mission. Light curves are presented for the twelve blazars in BVRJK at near-daily cadence. We find that optical and infrared fluxes are well correlated in all sources. Gamma-ray bright flat spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) in our sample have optical/infrared emission correlated with gamma-rays consistent with inverse Compton-scattering models for GeV emission. In FSRQs, the variability amplitude decreases towards optical/IR wavelengths, consistent with the presence of a thermal emission component from the accretion disk varying on significantly longer timescales than the jet synchrotron emission. In BL Lac objects, variability is mainly constant across wavelengths, consistent with a weak or radiatively inefficient disk. FSRQs have redder optical-infrared colors when they are brighter, while BL Lac objects show no such trend. Several objects show complicated color-magnitude behavior: AO 0235+164 appears in two different states depending on whether it is gamma-ray bright or not. OJ 287 and 3C 279 show some hysteresis tracks in their color-magnitude diagrams. Individual flares may be achromatic or otherwise depart from the trend, suggesting different jet components becoming important at different times. We present a time-dependent spectral energy distribution of the bright FSRQ 3C 454.3 during its December 2009 flare, which is well fit by an external Compton model in the bright state, although day to day changes pose challenges to a simple one-zone model. All data from the SMARTS monitoring program are publicly available on our website.

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