SN1987A中缺少的致密星：一颗固体夸克星？
The missing compact star of SN1987A: a solid quark star?
摘要：
为了研究超新星1987A中的一颗致密星，我们根据观测X射线光度的上限，分析了一颗可能的致密星的冷却和加热过程。从冷却过程中我们发现，固体夸克团星的状态方程比常规液体夸克星的状态方程更硬，其热容比中子星小得多。它可以很快冷却下来，这自然可以解释X射线波段没有探测到点源（中子星或夸克星）的原因。另一方面，我们考虑了磁层活动和可能的吸积的加热过程，得到了对可能脉冲星参数的一些约束。我们的结论是，一个坚实的夸克团星可以在一个大的和可接受的参数空间的观测极限罚款。短周期强磁场（或长周期弱磁场）的脉冲星，如果光学厚度不足以隐藏致密星，则其光度将高于光度极限。如果1987A的中心致密天体在未来被先进的设备发现，则可以检验脉冲星参数的约束。
英文摘要：
To investigate the missing compact star of Supernova 1987A, we analyzed both the cooling and the heating processes of a possible compact star based on the upper limit of observational X-ray luminosity. From the cooling process we found that a solid quark-cluster star, which has a stiffer equation of state than that of conventional liquid quark star, has a heat capacity much smaller than a neutron star. It can cool down quickly, which can naturally explain the non-detection of a point source (neutron star or quark star) in X-ray band. On the other hand, we consider the heating process from magnetospheric activity and possible accretion, and obtain some constraints to the parameters of a possible pulsar. We conclude that a solid quark-cluster star can be fine with the observational limit in a large and acceptable parameter space. A pulsar with a short period and a strong magnetic field (or with a long period and a weak field) would has luminosity higher than the luminosity limit if the optical depth is not large enough to hide the compact star. The constraints of the pulsar parameters can be tested if the central compact object in 1987A is discovered by advanced facilities in the future.
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