We provide a full characterization of the spectral properties of spiral spin density wave (SSDW) states which emerge in one-dimensional electron systems coupled to localized magnetic moments or quantum wires with spin-orbit interactions. We derive analytic results for the spectral function, local density of states and optical conductivity in the low-energy limit by using field theory techniques. We identify various collective modes and show that the spectrum strongly depends on the interaction strength between the electrons. The results provide characteristic signatures for an experimental detection of SSDW states.
Spiral-induced anomalous Hall effect from odd-parity spin-nodal lines
The University of Tokyo（东京大学）；RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS)（理化学研究所 emergent matter science 中心）；Hiroshima University（广岛大学）；Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo（东京大学应用物理系）
We investigate theoretically the spiral staircase Heisenberg spin-$1/2$ ladder in the presence of antiferromagnetic long-range spin interactions and a uniform magnetic field. As a special case we also consider the Kondo necklace model. If the magnetizations of the two chains forming the ladder satisfy a certain resonance condition, involving interchain couplings as perturbations, the system is in a partially gapped magnetic phase hosting excitations characterized by fractional spins, whose values can be changed by the magnetic field. We show that these fractional spin excitations can be probed…
Competing magnetic exchange interactions often result in non-collinear magnetic states, such as spin spirals, which break the inversion symmetry and induce ferroelectric polarization. The resulting strong interactions between magnetic and dielectric degrees of freedom lead to a technologically important possibility to control magnetic order by electric fields and to electromagnons, magnetic excitations that can be excited by an electric dipole of the electromagnetic field. Here we study the effects of chiral domain walls on magnetoelectric properties of spiral magnets. We use a quasi-1D model …
Quantum spin liquids are long-range entangled phases whose magnetic correlations are determined by strong quantum fluctuations. While an overarching principle specifying the precise microscopic coupling scenarios for which quantum spin-liquid behavior arises is unknown, it is well-established that they are preferably found in spin systems where the corresponding classical limit of spin magnitudes $S\rightarrow\infty$ exhibits a macroscopic ground state degeneracy, so-called classical spin liquids. Spiral spin liquids represent a special family of classical spin liquids where degenerate manifol…
Spiral spin-liquid and the emergence of a vortex-like state in MnSc$_2$S$_4$
螺旋和螺线是磁性固体中常见的长程序基序，它们也可以组织成更复杂的涌现结构，如磁skyrmions和涡旋。一种新型的螺旋状态，螺旋自旋液体，其中自旋波动集体作为螺旋，最近被预测存在。在这里，使用中子散射技术，我们通过直接观察“螺旋面”-倒易空间中螺旋传播矢量的连续表面，实验证明了MnSc $_2$ S $_4$中螺旋自旋液体的存在。我们解释了螺旋自旋液体的多步有序行为，并在外加磁场下发现了涡旋状的三q相。我们的结果证明了金刚石晶格上的$J_1$ - $J_2$哈密顿量作为MnSc $_2$ S $_4$中螺旋自旋液体态模型的有效性，同时也展示了一种实现磁涡旋晶格的新方法.
Spiral spin liquids are unique classical spin liquids that occur in many frustrated spin systems, but do not comprise a new phase of matter. Owing to extensive classical ground-state degeneracy, the spins in a spiral spin liquid thermally fluctuate cooperatively from a collection of spiral configurations at low temperatures. These spiral propagation wavevectors form a continuous manifold in reciprocal space, \textit{i.e.}, a spiral contour or a spiral surface, that strongly governs the low-temperature thermal fluctuations and magnetic physics. In this paper, the relevant spin models conveying …
We revisit the ground state of the spin-Fermion model within a semiclassical approximation. We demonstrate that antiphase spin spirals, or pi-spirals, whose chirality alternates between consecutive rows (or columns) of local moments, have, for sufficiently high carrier concentration, lower energy than the traditional Shraiman and Siggia spirals. Furthermore, pi-spirals give rise to modulated hopping, anisotropic 1D transport, and charge density wave formation. Finally, we discuss the relevance of pi-spirals to the physics of charge stripe formation in cuprates, such as La(2-x)Sr(x)CuO4.
Like the twisting control in magic angle twisted bilayer graphenes, the stacking control is another mechanical approach to manipulate the fundamental properties of solids, especially the van der Waals materials. We explore the stacking-induced magnetic frustration and the spiral spin liquid on a multilayer triangular lattice antiferromagnet where the system is built from ABC stacking with competing intralayer and interlayers couplings. By combining the nematic bond theory and the self-consistent Gaussian approximation, we establish the phase diagram for this ABC-stacked multilayer magnet. It i…
Spiral spin-liquids are correlated paramagnetic states with degenerate propagation vectors forming a continuous ring or surface in reciprocal space. On the honeycomb lattice, spiral spin-liquids present a novel route to realize emergent fracton excitations, quantum spin liquids, and topological spin textures, yet experimental realizations remain elusive. Here, using neutron scattering, we show that a spiral spin-liquid is realized in the van der Waals honeycomb magnet FeCl$_3$. A continuous ring of scattering is directly observed, which indicates the emergence of an approximate U(1) symmetry i…
Planar Topological Hall effect (PTHE) is known to arise from in-plane skyrmion tubes with an external magnetic field applied in the plane of the charge current. Here, we propose that the PTHE can robustly appear also from an unexpected source, the conical spin spiral, realizable in a variety of materials. We show that for both in-plane skyrmion tubes and conical spin spirals, the PTHE is two-fold symmetric with respect to the magnetic-field angle, while it is four-fold symmetric for 90$^{\circ}$-rotated domains of conical spin spirals. We predict that the symmetry and magnetic-field response o…
Three decades ago Ioffe and Larkin pointed out a generic mechanism for the formation of a gapped spin liquid. In the case when a classical two-dimensional (2D) frustrated Heisenberg magnet undergoes a Lifshitz transition between a collinear Néel phase and a spin spiral phase, quantum effects usually lead to the development of a spin-liquid phase sandwiched between the Néel and spin spiral phases. In the present work, using field theory techniques, we study properties of this universal spin liquid phase. We examine the phase diagram near the Lifshitz point and calculate the positions of critica…
We discuss theoretically frustrated Heisenberg spiral magnets in magnetic field $\bf H$. We demonstrate that small anisotropic spin interactions (single-ion biaxial anisotropy or dipolar forces) select the plane in which spins rotate (spiral plane) and can lead to the spiral plane flop upon in-plane field increasing. Expressions for the critical fields $H_{flop}$ are derived. It is shown that measuring of $H_{flop}$ is an efficient and simple method of quantifying the anisotropy in the system (as the measurement of spin-flop fields in collinear magnets with axial anisotropy). Corresponding rec…
Fractional vortices in a spin-isotropic spiral spin liquid
University of Oslo（奥斯陆大学）；Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie（柏林亥姆霍兹材料能源研究中心）；Freie Universität Berlin（柏林自由大学）；The University of Tokyo（东京大学）
Incommensurate order with translationally invariant projected entangled-pair states: Spiral states and quantum spin liquid on the anisotropic triangular lattice
We analyze the properties of magnons in metallic electron systems with spiral magnetic order. Our analysis is based on the random phase approximation for the susceptibilities of tight binding electrons with a local Hubbard interaction in two or three dimensions. We identify three magnon branches from poles in the susceptibilities, one associated with in-plane, the other two associated with out-of-plane fluctuations of the spiral order parameter. We derive general expressions for the spin stiffnesses and the spectral weights of the magnon modes, from which also the magnon velocities can be obta…
Competition among exchange interactions is able to induce novel spin correlations on a bipartite lattice without geometrical frustration. A prototype example is the spiral spin liquid, which is a correlated paramagnetic state characterized by sub-dimensional degenerate propagation vectors. Here, using spectral graph theory, we show that spiral spin liquids on a bipartite lattice can be approximated by a further-neighbor model on the corresponding line-graph lattice that is non-bipartite, thus broadening the space of candidate materials that may support the spiral spin liquid phases. As illustr…
We investigated the spiral spin density waves in the monolayer 1T-MnCl$_2$ for a set of spiral vectors based on first-principles calculations. The magnetic ground states were evaluated by means of the generalized Bloch theorem within the linear combination of pseudo-atomic orbitals. To reach our purpose, a flat spiral configuration was constructed for the Mn magnetic atom by fixing the direction of its magnetic moment. We confirmed that the ground state was a spiral ground state. We also clarified that a phase transition from a spiral ground state to the other ground states, such as the ferrom…
Cross-over from an incommensurate singlet spiral state with a vanishingly small spin-gap to a valence bond solid state in dimerized frustrated ferromagnetic spin-chains
受自旋链化合物LiCuSbO $_4$ $\equiv$ LiSbCuO $_4$和Rb $_2$ Cu $_2$ Mo $_3$ O $_{12}$的磁性的启发，我们研究了具有二聚最近邻铁磁（FM）（$J_1, J_1^\prime<0$）和次最近邻反铁磁（$J_2>0$）耦合的海森堡链的基态.利用密度矩阵重整化群技术和自旋波理论，我们发现了一个在全极化FM和无公度螺旋态之间的一阶跃迁，其中$α$是阻挫比$J_2/|J_1|$，$β$是二聚化度$J_1^\prime/J_1$ .在单重螺旋态中，在FM跃迁附近自旋能隙非常小，对应于LiCuSbO $_4$的情况.对于较大的$α$，对应于Rb $_2$ Cu $_2$ Mo $_3$ O $_{12}$，和较小的$β$，存在从该阻挫诱导的无公度态到具有实质性自旋带隙的Affleck-Lieb-Paddy-Tasaki型价键固态的交叉。
We present combined experimental and theoretical investigation of the low-frequency ESR dynamics in the ordered phases of magnetic mineral linarite. This material consists of weakly coupled spin-1/2 chains of copper ions with frustrated ferro- and antiferromagnetic interactions. In zero magnetic field, linarite orders into a spiral structure and exhibits a peculiar magnetic phase diagram sensitive to the field orientation. The resonance frequencies and their field dependence are analyzed combining microscopic and macroscopic theoretical approaches and precise values of magnetic anisotropy cons…
