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arXiv 1111.7215astro-ph.SRastro-ph.IM
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经典和II型造父变星的热红外特性用VLT/VISIR衍射限制10微米成像

Thermal infrared properties of classical and type II Cepheids Diffraction limited 10 microns imaging with VLT/VISIR

Alexandre Gallenne, Pierre Kervella, Antoine Mérand

摘要:

我们提出了新的热红外测光和光谱能量分布(SED)的八个经典造父变星(I型)和三个II型造父变星,使用VISIR热红外测光测量,补充文献数据。我们使用仪器的BURST模式获得了8.59、11.25和11.85 μm的衍射极限图像。在11颗恒星中,有10颗在波长超过10μm的地方有红外过剩。我们暂时将这些过剩归因于造父变星质量损失产生的星周辐射。根据尘埃成分的一些假设,我们估计了包层的总质量范围为10-10至10-8 M \odot。我们还检测到一个空间扩展的发射周围AX Cir,X Sgr,W Sgr,Y Oph和U车,而我们不解决其他恒星的拱星包络(CSE)。在8.59 μm处,相对于恒星光球层的平均星周包层亮度为:α(AX Cir)= 13.8 \pm 2.5%,α(X Sgr)= 7.9 \pm 1.4%,α(W Sgr)= 3.8 \pm 0.6%,α(Y Oph)= 15.1 \pm 1.4%,α(U Car)= 16.3 \pm 1.4%。通过这项研究,我们将检测到CSE的经典造父变星的数量从9个扩展到14个,证实至少有很大一部分造父变星正在经历显着的质量损失。这些CSE的存在也可能影响造父变星未来在近红外和热红外波长下作为标准烛光的使用。

英文摘要:

We present new thermal IR photometry and spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of eight classical Cepheids (type I) and three type II Cepheids, using VISIR thermal IR photometric measurements, supplemented with literature data. We used the BURST mode of the instrument to get diffraction-limited images at 8.59, 11.25 and 11.85 μm. The SEDs show a IR excess at wavelengths longer than 10μm in ten of the eleven stars. We tentatively attribute these excesses to circumstellar emission created by mass loss from the Cepheids. With some hypotheses for the dust composition, we estimated a total mass of the envelope ranging from 10-10 to 10-8 M\odot. We also detect a spatially extended emission around AX Cir, X Sgr, W Sgr, Y Oph and U Car while we do not resolve the circumstellar envelope (CSE) for the other stars. The averaged circumstellar envelope brightnesses relative to the stellar photosphere are α(AX Cir) = 13.8\pm2.5%, α(X Sgr) = 7.9\pm1.4%, α(W Sgr) = 3.8\pm0.6%, α(Y Oph) = 15.1\pm1.4% and α(U Car) = 16.3\pm1.4% at 8.59 μm. With this study, we extend the number of classical Cepheids with detected CSEs from 9 to 14, confirming that at least a large fraction of all Cepheids are experiencing significant mass loss. The presence of these CSEs may also impact the future use of Cepheids as standard candles at near and thermal infrared wavelengths.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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