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arXiv 1111.6393astro-ph.HEhep-exhep-ph
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Gamma-ray天文学:基础物理学的意义

Gamma-ray Astronomy: Implications for Fundamental Physics

Javier Rico

摘要:

伽玛射线天文学研究宇宙加速器通过其电磁辐射的能量范围在~100 MeV和~100 TeV之间。目前在这一能带中最灵敏的观测是由费米卫星上的大面积望远镜从太空进行的,而从地球上进行的是切伦科夫成像望远镜MAGIC,H.E.S.S.。和真理。这些仪器彻底改变了伽马射线天文学领域,发现了不同的伽马射线发射体,并详细研究了产生这种高能辐射的非热天体物理过程。这些天文台的科学目标也包括基础物理学问题。利用伽马射线仪器,我们研究银河系宇宙射线的起源,检验这一假设,或者它们是否主要产生于超新星爆炸。此外,我们获得的宇宙电子-正电子光谱之间的20 GeV和5 TeV的最灵敏的测量。通过观测宇宙学距离上的伽马射线辐射,我们了解了河外背景光的强度和演化,并进行了洛伦兹不变性的检验。此外,我们还可以通过在密度过高的地点寻找由湮灭或衰变产生的伽马射线信号来寻找暗物质。在本文中,我们回顾了最新的结果与当前一代的伽马射线仪器在这些领域的研究。

英文摘要:

Gamma-ray Astronomy studies cosmic accelerators through their electromagnetic radiation in the energy range between ~100 MeV and ~100 TeV. The present most sensitive observations in this energy band are performed, from space, by the Large Area Telescope onboard the Fermi satellite and, from Earth, by the Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes MAGIC, H.E.S.S. and VERITAS. These instruments have revolutionized the field of Gamma-ray Astronomy, discovering different populations of gamma-ray emitters and studying in detail the non-thermal astrophysical processes producing this high-energy radiation. The scientific objectives of these observatories include also questions of fundamental physics. With gamma-ray instruments we study the origin of Galactic cosmic rays, testing the hypothesis or whether they are mainly produced in supernova explosions. Also, we obtain the most sensitive measurement of the cosmic electron-positron spectrum between 20 GeV and 5 TeV. By observing the gamma-ray emission from sources at cosmological distances, we learn about the intensity and evolution of the extragalactic background light, and perform tests of Lorentz Invariance. Moreover, we can search for dark matter by looking for gamma-ray signals produced by its annihilation or decay in over-density sites. In this paper, we review the most recent results produced with the current generation of gamma-ray instruments in these fields of research.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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