作为PG的卵形的Mermin的五角星(3,2)
Mermin's Pentagram as an Ovoid of PG(3,2)
摘要:
Mermin's pentagram是一个特定的集合,由10个三量子比特的可观测量组成,它们以成对交换的四元组排列成一个pentagram的五个边,用来提供Kochen-Specker定理的一个非常简单的证明,它被证明是同构于一个二阶三维射影空间PG(3,2)的卵形(椭圆二次曲面)。这个演示采用了体现在辛极空间W(5,2)几何中的实三量子位泡利群的性质,并基于以下事实:1)在五角星形的五条边中的任何一条上的四个可观察量/算子可以被看作是二阶仿射平面的点,2)所有十个可观察量都位于二阶五维射影空间的双曲二次曲面上,PG(5,2),和3),这个二次曲面的点是在一个众所周知的双射对应PG(3,2)的线。
英文摘要:
Mermin's pentagram, a specific set of ten three-qubit observables arranged in quadruples of pairwise commuting ones into five edges of a pentagram and used to provide a very simple proof of the Kochen-Specker theorem, is shown to be isomorphic to an ovoid (elliptic quadric) of the three-dimensional projective space of order two, PG(3,2). This demonstration employs properties of the real three-qubit Pauli group embodied in the geometry of the symplectic polar space W(5,2) and rests on the facts that: 1) the four observables/operators on any of the five edges of the pentagram can be viewed as points of an affine plane of order two, 2) all the ten observables lie on a hyperbolic quadric of the five-dimensional projective space of order two, PG(5,2), and 3) that the points of this quadric are in a well-known bijective correspondence with the lines of PG(3,2).
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