多次呼吸-氦气冲洗系统肺功能测定
Lung Function Measurement with Multiple-Breath-Helium Washout System
摘要：
多次呼吸冲洗（MBW）测量被认为是反映呼吸道通气不均匀性的敏感技术。氮气通常用作示踪气体，并在多次呼吸氮气（MBNW）冲洗试验中被纯氧冲洗。在这项工作中，而不是使用氮气，氦气被用作示踪气体和多氦呼吸冲洗（MBHW）系统已开发的肺功能研究。具有32768 Hz的共振频率的商业石英音叉已被用于检测呼吸气体密度的变化。音叉的共振频率随着周围气体密度的增加而线性减小。从红外二氧化碳检测器知道CO2浓度，可以确定氦浓度。12名志愿者（3名轻度哮喘患者，2名吸烟者，1名有哮喘病史，1名有COPD病史，5名正常人）的结果表明，轻度哮喘患者在传导或腺泡气道（或两者）中具有较高的通气不均匀性。4例不同吸烟年限的吸烟者的单次呼吸洗脱曲线存在一个特征，可能是呼吸通气不均匀性的早期表现。
英文摘要：
Multiple-breath-washout (MBW) measurements are regarded as a sensitive technique which can reflect the ventilation inhomogeneity of respiratory airways. Typically nitrogen is used as the tracer gas and is washed out by pure oxygen in multi-breath-nitrogen (MBNW) washout tests. In this work, instead of using nitrogen, helium is used as the tracer gas and a multiple-helium-breath-washout (MBHW) system has been developed for the lung function study. A commercial quartz tuning fork with a resonance frequency of 32768 Hz has been used for detecting the change of the respiratory gas density. The resonance frequency of the tuning fork decreases linearly with increasing density of the surrounding gas. Knowing the CO2 concentration from the infrared carbon dioxide detector, the helium concentration can be determined. Results from 12 volunteers (3 mild asthmatics, 2 smokers, 1 with asthma history, 1 with COPD history, 5 normal) have shown that mild asthmatics have higher ventilation inhomogeneity in either conducting or acinar airways (or both). A feature has been found in single breath washout curve from 4 smokers with different length of smoking history which may indicate the early stage of respiratory ventilation inhomogeneity.
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