2010年M 87 VHE耀斑及其起源：多波长图像
The 2010 M 87 VHE flare and its origin: the multi-wavelength picture
摘要：
巨大的射电星系M 87与它的距离很近（16 Mpc），它的黑洞质量很大（（3 - 6）\times 10^9 M_solar），它提供了一个独特的实验室来研究来自活动星系核的非常高能量（E>100 GeV; VHE）的伽马射线辐射，从而探测超大质量黑洞（SMBH）附近和相对论喷流中粒子加速到相对论能量。M 87自2005年以来一直是VHE伽马射线发射器。VHE伽马射线发射在短至一天的时间尺度上显示出强烈的可变性。在2008年，43 GHz甚长基线阵列（VLBA）最内层区域（核心;延伸< 100 Rs ;史瓦西半径）的无线电发射的增加被发现与VHE的耀斑活动一致。这已被解释为强烈表明VHE排放是在SMBH附近产生的。2010年，VHE再次探测到耀斑，触发了VLBA、钱德拉和其他仪器的进一步多波长观测。与此同时，M87也被费米-LAT望远镜、欧洲VLBI网络（EVN）和利物浦望远镜（LT）观测到。这里将报告2010年运动的初步结果。
英文摘要：
The giant radio galaxy M 87, with its proximity (16 Mpc) and its very massive black hole ((3 - 6) \times 10^9 M_solar), provides a unique laboratory to investigate very high energy (E>100 GeV; VHE) gamma-ray emission from active galactic nuclei and, thereby, probe particle acceleration to relativistic energies near supermassive black holes (SMBH) and in relativistic jets. M 87 has been established as a VHE gamma-ray emitter since 2005. The VHE gamma-ray emission displays strong variability on timescales as short as a day. In 2008, a rise in the 43 GHz Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) radio emission of the innermost region (core; extension of < 100 Rs ; Schwarzschild radii) was found to coincide with a flaring activity at VHE. This had been interpreted as a strong indication that the VHE emission is produced in the direct vicinity of the SMBH. In 2010 a flare at VHE was again detected triggering further multi-wavelength (MWL) observations with the VLBA, Chandra, and other instruments. At the same time, M 87 was also observed with the Fermi-LAT telescope at MeV/GeV energies, the European VLBI Network (EVN), and the Liverpool Telescope (LT). Here, preliminary results from the 2010 campaign will be reported.
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