We compare the diffuse H$α$ map of our Galaxy with the FUV (1370-1710Å) continuum map. The H$α$ intensity correlates well with the FUV intensity. The H$α$/FUV intensity ratio increases in general with the H$α$ intensity and the FUV hardness ratio (1370-1520Å to 1560-1710Å), implying that late OB stars may be the main source of the H$α$ recombination line at high latitudes. The variation of the H$α$ intensity as a function of the Galactic latitude is also very similar to that of the FUV intensity. The results likely suggest that not only the original radiation sources of the H$α$ and FUV backgrounds but also the radiative transfer mechanisms responsible for the diffuse backgrounds are largely common. Therefore, we propose a scenario wherein the H$α$ background at high latitudes is mostly composed of two components, H$α$ photons produced by in-situ recombination at the ionized regions around late OB stars and dust-scattered light of the H$α$ photons originating from late OB stars.
The Halpha and optical broadband images of 25 nearby Wolf-Rayet (WR) galaxies are presented. The WR galaxies are known to have the presence of a recent ($\le$10 Myr) and massive star formation episode. The photometric Halpha fluxes are estimated, and corrected for extinction and line contamination in the filter pass-bands. The star formation rates (SFRs) are estimated using Halpha images and from the archival data in the far-ultraviolet (FUV), far-infrared (FIR) and 1.4 GHz radio continuum wave-bands. A comparison of SFRs estimated from different wavebands is made after including similar data …
Dust scattering is the main source of diffuse emission in the far-ultraviolet (FUV). For several locations in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) satellite has observed diffuse radiation in the FUV with intensities ranging from 1000 - 3 X 10^5 photon units and diffuse fraction between 5% - 20% at 1100 °A. Here, we compare the FUV diffuse emission with the mid-infrared (MIR) and far-infrared (FIR) diffuse emission observed by the Spitzer Space Telescope and the AKARI satellite for the same locations. The intensity ratios in the different MIR and FIR b…
Dorado is a nearby (17.69 Mpc) strongly evolving galaxy group in the Southern Hemisphere. We are investigating the star formation in this group. This paper provides a FUV imaging of NGC 1533, IC 2038 and IC 2039, which form a substructure, south west of the Dorado group barycentre. FUV CaF2-1 UVIT-Astrosat images enrich our knowledge of the system provided by GALEX. In conjunction with deep optical wide-field, narrow-band Halpha and 21-cm radio images we search for signatures of the interaction mechanisms looking in the FUV morphologies and derive the star formation rate. The shape of the FUV …
We have studied the diffuse radiation in the surroundings of M42 using photometric data from the Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) in the far-ultraviolet (FUV) and infrared observations of the AKARI space telescope. The main source of the FUV diffuse emission is the starlight from the Trapezium stars scattered by dust in front of the nebula. We initially compare the diffuse FUV with the far-infrared (FIR) observations at the same locations. The FUV-IR correlations enable us to determine the type of dust contributing to this emission. We then use an existing model for studying the FUV dust scat…
CONTEXT: The Virgo direction has been observed at many wavelengths in the recent years, in particular in the ultraviolet with GALEX. The far ultraviolet (FUV) diffuse light detected by GALEX bears interesting information on the large scale distribution of Galactic dust, owing to the GALEX FUV band sensitivity and resolution. AIMS: We aim to characterise the ultraviolet large scale distribution of diffuse emission in the Virgo direction. A map of this emission may become useful for various studies by identifying regions where dust affects observations by either scattering light or absorbing rad…
The diffuse far-ultraviolet (FUV) background has received considerable attention from astronomers since the 1970's. The initial impetus came from the hope of detecting UV radiation from the hot intergalactic medium. The central importance of the FUV background to the physics (heating and ionization) of the diffuse atomic phases motivated the next generation of experiments. The consensus view is that the diffuse FUV emission at high latitudes has three components: stellar FUV reflected by dust grains (diffuse Galactic light or DGL), FUV from other galaxies and the intergalactic medium (extra-ga…
The diffuse cosmic background radiation in the GALEX far ultraviolet (FUV, 1300 Å - 1700 Å) is deduced to originate only partially in the dust-scattered radiation of FUV-emitting stars: the source of a substantial fraction of the FUV background radiation remains a mystery. The radiation is remarkably uniform at both far northern and far southern Galactic latitudes, and it increases toward lower Galactic latitudes at all Galactic longitudes. We examine speculation that it might be due to interaction of the dark matter with the nuclei of the interstellar medium but we are unable to point to a pl…
We present a multi-wavelength correlation study of diffuse ultraviolet radiation using GALEX observations towards the Aquila Rift. Apart from airglow and zodiacal emissions, we find a diffuse background of 1300 - 3700 \photu\ in the far-ultraviolet (FUV: 1350 - 1750 Å) band and 1300 - 2800 \photu\ in the near-ultraviolet (NUV: 1750 - 2850 Å) band. The observed diffuse UV emissions are saturated with total as well as neutral hydrogen column density in the region due to high optical depth in UV ($τ$: 0.91-23.38). Higher values of FUV/NUV ratio in the region, greater than the threshold value of 0…
We present the emission Halpha line images for 40 galaxies of the Local Volume based on the observations at the 6-meter BTA telescope. Among them there are eight satellites of the Milky Way and Andromeda M31 as well as two companions to M51. The measured Halpha fluxes of the galaxies are used to determine their integral (SFR) and specific (sSFR) star formation rates. The values of Log(sSFR) for the observed galaxies lie in the range of (-9, -14)/yr. A comparison of SFR estimates derived from the Halpha flux and from the ultraviolet FUV flux yields evidence that two blue compact galaxies MRK 47…
We present images from the Solar Blind Channel on HST that resolve hundreds of far ultraviolet (FUV) emitting stars in two ~1 kpc$^2$ interarm regions of the grand-design spiral M101. The luminosity functions of these stars are compared with predicted distributions from simple star formation histories, and are best reproduced when the star formation rate has declined recently (past 10-50 Myr). This pattern is consistent with stars forming within spiral arms and then streaming into the interarm regions. We measure the diffuse FUV surface brightness after subtracting all of the detected stars, c…
We present a series of adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) hydrodynamic simulations of flat rotation curve galactic gas disks with a detailed treatment of the interstellar medium (ISM) physics of the atomic to molecular phase transition under the influence of diffuse FUV radiation fields and cosmic ray backgrounds. We explore the effects of different FUV intensities, including a model with a radial gradient designed to mimic the Milky Way. The effects of cosmic rays, including radial gradients in their heating and ionization rates, are also explored. The final simulations in this series achieve $4\…
We have used GALEX observations of the North and South Galactic poles to study the diffuse ultraviolet background at locations where the Galactic light is expected to be at a minimum. We find offsets of 230 -- 290 photon units in the FUV (1531 Å) and 480 -- 580 photon units in the NUV (2361 Å). Of this, approximately 120 photon units can be ascribed to dust scattered light and another 110 (190 in the NUV) photon units to extragalactic radiation. The remaining radiation is, as yet, unidentified and amounts to $120 -- 180$ photon units in the FUV and $300 -- 400$ photon units in the NUV. We find…
We have used data from the Galaxy Evolution Explorer to study the different components of the diffuse ultraviolet background in the region between the Galactic latitudes 70-80 degree. We find an offset at zero dust column density (E(B - V) = 0) of $240 \pm 18$ photon units in the FUV (1539A) and $394 \pm 37$ photon units in the NUV (2316A). This is approximately half of the total observed radiation with the remainder divided between an extragalactic component of $114 \pm 18$ photon units in the FUV and $194 \pm 37$ photon units in the NUV and starlight scattered by Galactic dust at high latitu…
Far-Ultraviolet diffuse emission as a tracer of Galactic extinction at the North Galactic Pole
Tezpur University(特佐普尔大学);Manipal Academy of Higher Education(马尼帕尔高等教育学院);Indian Institute of Astrophysics(印度天体物理研究所);Institute of Astronomy, 48 Pyatnitskaya St., Moscow 119017, Russia(俄罗斯莫斯科彼特尼茨卡亚街48号天文研究所)
We have conducted a study of extra-planar diffuse ionized gas using the first year data from the MaNGA IFU survey. We have stacked spectra from 49 edge-on, late-type galaxies as a function of distance from the midplane of the galaxy. With this technique we can detect the bright emission lines Halpha, Hbeta, [OII]3726, 3729, [OIII]5007, [NII]6549, 6584, and [SII]6717, 6731 out to about 4 kpc above the midplane. With 16 galaxies we can extend this analysis out to about 9 kpc, i.e. a distance of ~2R_e, vertically from the midplane. In the halo, the surface brightnesses of the [OII] and Halpha emi…
It has been recently argued [1-3] that there is a strong component of the diffuse far-ultraviolet (FUV) background which is hard to explain by conventional physics in terms of the dust-scattered starlight. We propose that this excess in FUV radiation might be result of the dark matter annihilation events within the so-called axion quark nugget (AQN) dark matter model, which was originally invented for completely different purpose to explain the observed similarity between the dark and the visible components in the Universe, i.e. $Ω_{\rm DM}\sim Ω_{\rm visible}$. We support this proposal by dem…
我目前的表格的GALEX航天器在两个紫外波段(FUV:1539 A和NUV:2316 A)的GALEX航天器(GR 6/GR 7)的(几乎)最后的数据发布的漫射观测。该数据发布包括所有FUV观测和大部分NUV观测。我讨论数据的总体趋势,但主要目的是向公众提供数据。本文中描述的这些数据文件由空间望远镜科学研究所的Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes(MAST)托管,可以从那里下载。为了便于使用,我还创建了整个观测天空中两个波段的漫射辐射图,分辨率为6“。
We present new Halpha+[NII] imaging data of late-type galaxies in the Herschel Reference Survey aimed at studying the star formation properties of a K-band-selected, volume-limited sample of nearby galaxies. The Halpha+[NII] data are corrected for [NII] contamination and dust attenuation using different recipes based on the Balmer decrement and the 24mic luminosities. We show that the L(Halpha) derived with different corrections give consistent results only whenever the uncertainty on the estimate of the Balmer decrement is <=0.1. We use these data to derive the SFR of the late-type galaxies o…
The Star Formation Rate (SFR) was determined from a sample of 36 late-type galaxies (14 dS and 22 Sm), from the H(alpha) and Far Ultraviolet (FUV) flux. We found that the SFR(FUV) was in most cases higher than the SFR(H(alpha)).We also obtained that the SFR is larger for Sm galaxies and smaller for barred galaxies, for any morphological type, in both diagnostic methods. In addition, a study of the spatial distribution of star formation within these galaxies was made, concluding that there is not a preferential place for the star formation. Finally, we studied the role of the Diffuse Ionized Ga…
We compare observations of HI from the Very Large Array (VLA) and the Arecibo Observatory and observations of HCO$^+$ from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and the Northern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA) in the diffuse ($A_V\lesssim1$) interstellar medium (ISM) to predictions from a photodissociation region (PDR) chemical model and multi-phase ISM simulations. Using a coarse grid of PDR models, we estimate the density, FUV radiation field, and cosmic ray ionization rate (CRIR) for each structure identified in HCO$^+$ and HI absorption. These structures fall into two c…
We present the second data release for the HI-MaNGA programme of HI follow-up observations for the SDSS-IV MaNGA survey. This release contains measurements for 3669 unique galaxies, combining 2108 Green Bank Telescope observations with an updated crossmatch of the MaNGA sample with the ALFALFA survey. We combine these data with MaNGA spectroscopic measurements to examine relationships between HI-to-stellar mass ratio (M_HI/M_*) and average ISM/star formation properties probed by optical emission lines. M_HI/M_* is very weakly correlated with the equivalent width of Halpha, implying a loose con…
Based on MUSE data from the GASP survey, we study the Halpha-emitting extraplanar tails of 16 cluster galaxies at z~0.05 undergoing ram pressure stripping. We demonstrate that the dominating ionization mechanism of this gas (between 64% and 94% of the Halpha emission in the tails depending on the diagnostic diagram used) is photoionization by young massive stars due to ongoing star formation (SF) taking place in the stripped tails. This SF occurs in dynamically quite cold HII clumps with a median Halpha velocity dispersion sigma = 27 km s^-1. We study the characteristics of over 500 star-formi…
The global Schmidt law of star formation provides a power-law relation between the surface densities of star-formation rate (SFR) and gas, and successfully explains plausible scenarios of galaxy formation and evolution. However, star formation being a multi-scale process, requires spatially-resolved analysis for a better understanding of the physics of star formation. It has been shown that the removal of a diffuse background from SFR tracers, such as H$α$, far-ultraviolet (FUV), infrared, leads to an increase in the slope of the sub-galactic Schmidt relation. We reinvestigate the local Schmid…
The Small-scale Structures in the Wind of Messier 82
Arizona State University(亚利桑那州立大学);Johns Hopkins University(约翰斯·霍普金斯大学);University of Maryland, College Park(马里兰大学帕克分校);NASA Goddard Space Flight Center(美国宇航局戈达德太空飞行中心);Australian National University(澳大利亚国立大学);California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院)
The [CII] 158 micron line is one of the strongest emission lines observed in star-forming galaxies, and has been empirically measured to correlate with the star formation rate (SFR) globally and on ~kpc scales. However, due to the multi-phase origins of [CII], one might expect this relation to break down at small scales. We investigate the origins of [CII] emission by examining high spatial resolution observations of [CII] in M31, with the Survey of Lines in M31 (SLIM). We present five ~700x700 pc (3"x3") Fields mapping the [CII] emission, Halpha emission, combined with ancillary infrared (IR)…
The CLusters in the Uv as EngineS (CLUES) survey is a Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) campaign aimed at acquiring the 1130 to 1770 Å, restframe spectroscopy of very young (<20 Myr) and massive (>10^4 solar masses) star clusters in galaxies that are part of the Hubble treasury program Legacy ExtraGalactic Uv Survey (LEGUS). In this first paper of a series, we describe the CLUES sample consisting of 20 young star clusters and report their physical properties as derived by both multi-wavelength photometry and far-UV (FUV) spectroscopy with Hubble Space Telescope (HST). Thanks to the synergy of …
We present deep H$α$ imaging of three nearby dwarf galaxies, carefully selected to optimize observations with the Maryland-Magellan Tunable Filter (MMTF) on the Magellan 6.5m telescope. An effective bandpass of $\sim$13Å is used, and the images reach 3$σ$ flux limits of $\sim$8$\times10^{-18}$ ergs s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$, which is about an order of magnitude lower than standard narrowband observations obtained by the most recent generation of local H$α$ galaxy surveys. The observations were originally motivated by the finding that the H$α$/FUV flux ratio of galaxies systematically declines as glob…
We measure NUV aperture magnitudes from {\sl GALEX} images for 258 ultra-diffuse galaxy (UDG) candidates drawn from the initial SMUDGes survey of $\sim 300$ square degrees surrounding, and including, the Coma galaxy cluster. For the vast majority, 242 of them, we present flux upper limits due either to a lack of significant flux in the aperture or confusion with other objects projected within the aperture. These limits often place interesting constraints on the UDG candidates, indicating that they are non-star forming or quiescent. In particular, we identify field, quiescent UDG candidates, wh…
The all sky survey run by the Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX AIS) mapped about 85% of the Galaxy at ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths and detected the diffuse UV background produced by the scattering of the radiation from OBA stars by interstellar dust grains. Against this background, diffuse weak structures are detected as well as the UV counterparts to nebulae and molecular clouds. To make full profit of the survey, unsupervised and semi-supervised procedures need to be implemented. The main objective of this work is to implement and analyze the results of the method developed by us for the bli…
Interarm star formation contributes significantly to a galaxy's star formation budget, and provides an opportunity to study stellar birthplaces unperturbed by spiral arm dynamics. Using optical integral field spectroscopy of the nearby galaxy NGC 628 with VLT/MUSE, we construct Halpha maps including detailed corrections for dust extinction and stellar absorption to identify 391 HII regions at 35pc resolution over 12 kpc^2. Using tracers sensitive to the underlying gravitational potential, we associate HII regions with either arm (271) or interarm (120) environments. Using our full spectral cov…
We investigate radiative feedback from a 34 M$_\odot$ star in a $10^4$ M$_\odot$ turbulent cloud using three-dimensional radiation-hydrodynamics (RHD) models. We use Monte Carlo radiative transfer to accurately compute photoionization equilibrium and radiation pressure, with multiple atomic species and silicate dust grains. We include the diffuse radiation field, dust absorption/re-emission, and scattering. The cloud is efficiently dispersed, with 75 per cent of the mass leaving the (32.3 pc)$^3$ grid within 4.3 Myr (1.1 $t_{ff}$). This compares to all mass exiting within 1.6 Myr (0.74 $t_{ff}…
We present late-time images of the site of the peculiar jet-driven TypeIIn supernova SN2010jp, including HST images taken 2-5 yr post explosion and deep ground-based images over a similar time. These are used to characterise its unusually remote environment and to constrain the progenitor's initial mass and age. The position of SN2010jp is found to reside along a chain of diffuse starlight that is probably an outer spiral arm or tidal tail of the interacting galaxy pair NGC2207/IC2163. There is one bright HII region projected within 1 kpc, and there is faint extended Halpha emission immediatel…