小希格斯模型中的危险Skyrmions
Dangerous Skyrmions in Little Higgs Models
摘要：
Skyrmions存在于许多电弱对称性破缺的模型中，其中希格斯玻色子是某个强相互作用扇区的伪戈德斯通玻色子。它们是稳定的复合物体，质量在10-100 TeV之间，由于它们的湮灭截面很小，在宇宙中自然丰富。因此它们代表了很好的暗物质候选者。然而，我们在这项工作中表明，在大多数流行的小希格斯模型中，最轻的skyrmion态是带电的，因此应该已经在自然界中直接或间接地观察到了。在电弱规范群下的skyrmion的电荷是在一个模型独立的方式计算，并通过Wess-Zumino-Witten项与基础理论中的异常的存在有关。
英文摘要：
Skyrmions are present in many models of electroweak symmetry breaking where the Higgs is a pseudo-Goldstone boson of some strongly interacting sector. They are stable, composite objects whose mass lies in the range 10-100 TeV and can be naturally abundant in the universe due to their small annihilation cross-section. They represent therefore good dark matter candidates. We show however in this work that the lightest skyrmion states are electrically charged in most of the popular little Higgs models, and hence should have been directly or indirectly observed in nature already. The charge of the skyrmion under the electroweak gauge group is computed in a model-independent way and is related to the presence of anomalies in the underlying theory via the Wess-Zumino-Witten term.
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