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arXiv 1111.1928physics.flu-dyncond-mat.softphysics.bio-ph
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细菌在固体表面游动的双球模型

A two-sphere model for bacteria swimming near solid surfaces

Jocelyn Dunstan, Gastón Miño, Eric Clement, Rodrigo Soto

摘要:

我们提出了一个简单的模型,细菌像\emph{Escherichia coli}游泳附近的固体表面。它由两个不同半径的球体组成,球体之间由一根无阻力杆连接。鞭毛的影响是通过在尾球上施加力和杆在球上施加的相反扭矩来考虑的。通过分别考虑单个球体与表面的相互作用以及与另一个球体产生的流动的相互作用,计算球体上的水动力和扭矩。在数值上,我们求解包含几何约束和无力无矩条件的线性系统。这个游泳者在固体边界附近的动力学非常丰富,根据初始条件显示出三种不同的行为:(1)在与壁接触的情况下绕圈游泳,(2)在距壁有限距离处绕圈游泳,以及(3)远离壁游泳。此外,圆周运动的曲率半径的数量级在$8-50\,μ$ m的范围内,接近实验观察到的值。

英文摘要:

We present a simple model for bacteria like \emph{Escherichia coli} swimming near solid surfaces. It consists of two spheres of different radii connected by a dragless rod. The effect of the flagella is taken into account by imposing a force on the tail sphere and opposite torques exerted by the rod over the spheres. The hydrodynamic forces and torques on the spheres are computed by considering separately the interaction of a single sphere with the surface and with the flow produced by the other sphere. Numerically, we solve the linear system which contains the geometrical constraints and the force-free and torque-free conditions. The dynamics of this swimmer near a solid boundary is very rich, showing three different behaviors depending on the initial conditions: (1) swimming in circles in contact with the wall, (2) swimming in circles at a finite distance from the wall, and (3) swimming away from it. Furthermore, the order of magnitude of the radius of curvature for the circular motion is in the range $8-50\,μ$m, close to values observed experimentally.

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