The SOPHIE search for northern extrasolar planets. IV. Massive companions in the planet-brown dwarf boundary
R. F. Díaz, A. Santerne, J. Sahlmann, G. Hébrard, A. Eggenberger, N. C. Santos, C. Moutou, L. Arnold, I. Boisse, X. Bonfils, F. Bouchy, X. Delfosse, M. Desort, … 展开作者
R. F. Díaz, A. Santerne, J. Sahlmann, G. Hébrard, A. Eggenberger, N. C. Santos, C. Moutou, L. Arnold, I. Boisse, X. Bonfils, F. Bouchy, X. Delfosse, M. Desort, D. Ehrenreich, T. Forveille, A. M. Lagrange, C. Lovis, F. Pepe, C. Perrier, D. Queloz, D. Ségransan, S. Udry, A. Vidal-Madjar
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18 pages. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
The mass domain where massive extrasolar planets and brown dwarfs lay is still poorly understood. Indeed, not even a clear dividing line between massive planets and brown dwarfs has been established yet. This is partly due to the paucity of this kind of objects orbiting close to solar-type stars, the so-called brown dwarf desert, that hinders setting up a strong observational base to compare to models and theories of formation and evolution.
We search to increase the current sample of massive sub-stellar objects with precise orbital parameters, and to constrain the true mass of detected sub-stellar candidates.
The initial identification of sub-stellar candidates is done using precise radial velocity measurements obtained with the SOPHIE spectrograph at the 1.93-m telescope of the Haute-Provence Observatory. Subsequent characterisation of these candidates, with the principal aim of identifying stellar companions in low-inclination orbits, is done by means of different spectroscopic diagnostics, as the measurement of the bisector velocity span and the study of the correlation mask effect. With this objective, we also employed astrometric data from the Hipparcos mission and a novel method of simulating stellar cross-correlation functions.
Seven new objects with minimum masses between ~ 10 Mjup and ~90 Mjup are detected. Out of these, two are identified as low-mass stars in low-inclination orbits, and two others have masses below the theoretical deuterium-burning limit, and are therefore planetary candidates. The remaining three are brown dwarf candidates; the current upper limits for their the masses do not allow us to conclude on their nature. Additionally, we have improved on the parameters of an already-known brown dwarf (HD137510b), confirmed by astrometry.
The SOPHIE search for northern extrasolar planets -- XVII. A wealth of new objects: Six cool Jupiters, three brown dwarfs, and 16 low-mass binary stars
区分亚恒星物体的类别并了解它们的形成和演化需要更大的亚恒星同伴样本,如系外行星,棕矮星和低质量恒星。在本文中,我们寻找亚恒星的同伴使用径向速度调查的FGK星与苏菲摄谱仪在天文台上普罗旺斯。我们在这里分配的径向速度变化的27颗恒星的轨道运动引起的低质量的同伴。我们还使用HIPPARCOS和Gaia Data Release 1测量限制了它们的天空平面运动,这限制了其中一些同伴的真实质量。我们报告了六颗冷木星、三颗褐矮星候选者和16颗低质量恒星伴星的探测和特征。我们还更新了低质量恒星HD 8291 B的轨道参数,我们得出结论,HD 204277的径向速度变化可能是由于恒星活动,尽管类似于一个巨大的行星的信号。其中一颗新的巨行星,BD +631405 b,增加了高偏心冷彗星的数量,它是目前质量最大的成员。其中两个冷木星系统也显示出额外的外伴星的特征。新伴星的轨道周期为30天至11.5年,质量为0.72木星质量至0.61太阳质量,偏心率为0.04至0.88。这些发现探索了亚恒星物体和低质量恒星的多样性,这将有助于限制它们的形成和演化模型。
Extrasolar planets and brown dwarfs around AF-type stars. X.The SOPHIE northern sample. Combining the SOPHIE and HARPS surveys to compute the close giant planet mass-period distribution around AF-type stars
The SOPHIE search for northern extrasolar planets. XVIII: Six new cold Jupiters, including one of the most eccentric exoplanet orbits
上下文由于它们的凌日概率很低,长周期行星作为一个种群,只能通过凌日调查进行部分探测。因此,径向速度测量可以发挥关键作用,特别是对于巨行星。冷激器引起的典型径向速度半振幅为10 m. s ^{-1},这完全在多个仪器的范围内,这些仪器已经运行了十多年。目的。我们利用索菲高分辨率光谱仪正在进行的径向速度调查,继续其前身埃洛迪开始的搜索,以进一步描述寒冷的木星人口。方法.分析了六颗明亮的类太阳恒星在长达15年的时间里的径向速度数据,我们试图探测和确认开普勒信号。结果我们宣布发现了六颗行星,每个系统一颗,最小质量在2.99-8.3 Mjup范围内,轨道周期在200天到10年之间。这些数据并没有提供足够的证据来支持这些系统中存在其他行星。对恒星活动指标的分析证实了探测到的信号的行星性质。结论.这六颗行星属于寒冷而巨大的木星群体,其中四颗居住在其偏心的尾巴上。在这方面,HD 80869 b是最偏心的轨道之一,偏心率为0.862^{+0.028}_{-0.018}。因此,这些行星可以帮助更好地限制气体巨星种群的迁移和演化过程。此外,最近的工作提出了小行星和冷行星之间的相关性,表明这些系统是寻找小内行星的好候选者。
Near-IR and optical radial velocities of the active M dwarf star Gl 388 (AD Leo) with SPIRou at CFHT and SOPHIE at OHP: A 2.23 day rotation period and no evidence for a corotating planet
A HARPS radial velocity search for planets in the Scorpius-Centaurus association. And its combination with the HARPS and SOPHIE young nearby stars (YNS) surveys
The DODO Survey II: A Gemini Direct Imaging Search for Substellar and Planetary Mass Companions around Nearby Equatorial and Northern Hemisphere White Dwarfs
简并天体周围的简并天体巡天(DODO)的目的是通过直接成像在白矮星周围的宽轨道上寻找质量很低的棕矮星和太阳系外行星。直接探测到这样的伴星将允许光谱研究温度比目前观测到的最冷的褐矮星低得多(< 500 K)的物体。这些超低质量的亚恒星天体的光谱型可能大于T8.5,因此可能属于Y矮星光谱序列。探测到白矮星周围的行星将证明这种物体可以在恒星演化的最后阶段幸存下来,并限制其祖先周围的行星系的频率(质量在1.5 - 8个太阳质量之间,即,早B到中F)。本文介绍了对23颗赤道附近和北半球白矮星进行的多历元J波段共同自行巡天观测结果。我们排除了任何常见的自行同伴的存在,从每次观察的完整性极限确定的限制质量,18个白矮星。对于剩下的五个目标,白矮星的运动与每个视场中不运动的背景物体没有充分分离。这些目标需要额外的观测,以最终排除任何共同的自行同伴的存在。从我们的完整性限制,我们初步建议,< 5% of white dwarfs have substellar companions with effective temperatures >500 K之间的预计物理分离60 - 200 AU。
The EBLM Project - XIX. The absence of radius inflation in a homogeneous analysis of 66 Northern low-mass eclipsing binaries
University of Birmingham(伯明翰大学);The Ohio State University(俄亥俄州立大学);Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian(哈佛-史密森尼天体物理中心);Keele University(基尔大学);Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg(图林根州陶滕堡天文台);Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University(上海交通大学李政道研究所);Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CNES, LAM(艾克斯-马赛大学);Queen Mary University of London(伦敦玛丽女王大学);Magdalen College, University of Oxford(牛津大学莫德林学院);Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Astronomía(墨西哥国立自治大学天文学研究所);Hobart and William Smith Colleges(霍巴特和威廉史密斯学院);Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, CNRS, UMR 7095, Sorbonne Université(巴黎天体物理学研究所);Centre for Exoplanets and Habitability, University of Warwick(华威系外行星与宜居性中心);Department of Physics, University of Warwick(华威大学物理系);Uppsala University(乌普萨拉大学);Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG(格勒诺布尔阿尔卑斯大学);Institut für Weltraumforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt(德国航空航天中心空间研究所);European Space Agency (ESA), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC)(欧洲航天局欧洲空间天文中心);Stellar Astrophysics Centre, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University(奥胡斯大学恒星天体物理学中心);University of Glasgow(格拉斯哥大学)