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arXiv 1111.1149astro-ph.SR
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OH在原行星盘化学演化中的作用。I.彗星形成区

The role of OH in the chemical evolution of protoplanetary disks. I. The comet-forming region

Germán Chaparro Molano, Inga Kamp

摘要:

上下文随时间变化的气体-颗粒化学可以帮助我们理解原行星盘生命周期中沉积在颗粒表面的物质的层状结构。将大量含碳和含氧分子捕获到颗粒上的历史对于在颗粒表面形成更复杂的(有机)分子具有特殊意义。目标。在其他过程中,宇宙射线诱导的紫外光过程可以导致OH的有效形成。通过更精确地处理宇宙射线与气体的相互作用,我们得到了在宇宙射线电离率为5 × 10 ^-17 s^-1的情况下,宇宙射线诱导的紫外光子通量增加了3.8 × 10^5个光子cm^-2 s ^-1(与之前基于ISM尘埃性质的估计值10^4个光子cm^-2 s ^-1相比)。我们探讨的作用,增强OH丰度的气体颗粒化学在磁盘的中平面在10 AU,这是一个合理的位置彗星形成。我们专注于研究的形成/破坏途径和时间尺度的主要化学物种。方法.我们解决的化学速率方程的基础上的气体-颗粒化学网络和校正的增强宇宙射线诱导的紫外光场。这个领域是估计从一个适当的治疗尘埃性质的原行星盘,而不是以前的估计,假设ISM般的粒度分布。我们还探讨了水冰光解吸为OH+H的化学效应。结果在盘的寿命接近尾声时,我们的化学模型得出了10 AU处的H2O、CO、CO2和CH 4冰丰度(与10^10 cm^-3的中面密度和20 K的温度相一致),这与[C/O]比为0.16的彗星体的化学组成测量结果相一致。这种比较提供了彗星形成的物理条件的限制。

英文摘要:

Context. Time dependent gas-grain chemistry can help us understand the layered structure of species deposited onto the surface of grains during the lifetime of a protoplanetary disk. The history of trapping important quantities of carbon- and oxygen-bearing molecules onto the grains is of special significance for the formation of more complex (organic) molecules on the surface of grains. Aims. Among other processes, cosmic ray-induced UV photo-processes can lead to the efficient formation of OH. Using a more accurate treatment of cosmic ray-gas interactions for disks, we obtain an increased cosmic ray-induced UV photon flux of 3.8x10^5 photons cm^-2s^-1 for a cosmic-ray ionization rate of H2 value of 5x10^-17 s^-1 (compared to previous estimates of 10^4 photons cm^-2s^-1 based on ISM dust properties). We explore the role of the enhanced OH abundance on the gas-grain chemistry in the midplane of the disk at 10 AU, which is a plausible location for comet formation. We focus on studying the formation/destruction pathways and timescales of the dominant chemical species. Methods. We solve the chemical rate equations based on a gas-grain chemical network and correcting for the enhanced cosmic rayinduced UV field. This field is estimated from an appropriate treatment of dust properties in a protoplanetary disk, as opposed to previous estimates that assume an ISM-like grain size distribution. We also explore the chemical effects of photo-desorption of water ice into OH+H. Results. Near the end of the disk's lifetime our chemical model yields H2O, CO, CO2 and CH4 ice abundances at 10 AU (consistent with a midplane density of 10^10 cm^-3 and a temperature of 20 K) that are compatible with measurements of the chemical composition of cometary bodies for a [C/O] ratio of 0.16. Such comparison provides constraints on the physical conditions in which comets were formed.

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